Tables on Zaitsev's cubes. Methods of early development of children. Nikolai Zaitsev's technique. The main ideas of Nikolai Zaitsev

How Zaitsev's cubes appeared

Nikolai Zaitsev was born and raised in a family of rural teachers and had no doubts about his choice of specialty: after school he entered the Faculty of Philology of the Pedagogical University. Herzen. In the fifth year he was sent as a translator to Indonesia. There, Nikolai Alexandrovich began to teach Russian as a foreign language. This event became the starting point in the creation of his unique system of teaching reading and writing. One of the most difficult languages in the world - Russian - had to be taught in the shortest possible time. The students were adults, already unaccustomed to learning people - officers. Such a task seemed overwhelming, but Zaitsev coped brilliantly. He invented new methods on the go, came up with original tables, tried to penetrate the essence of the language, so that - in the words of Zaitsev himself - "learn to pass it on to others."

The success inspired the young teacher to develop his own teaching system. The system, which takes into account the psychological characteristics of the perception of the Russian language, is free from unnecessary conventions and cumbersome rules, is clear. Zaitsev began testing his method of teaching the Russian language in the middle classes of schools. The result of the test was depressing: Nikolai Alexandrovich was faced with the fact that the students did not understand their native language at all, they preferred to memorize the rules, rather than delve into them. The children, of course, were not to blame. After all, they are used to learning.

Then Zaitsev turned to preschoolers, including the smallest - children from one and a half years old. The techniques were adapted for kids - learning was reduced to games. And here the teacher expected success. His invention - cubes - was called the "ringing miracle". Children with difficulty learning to read and write began to read in just a few lessons. The methodology proved itself so well that a number of schools decided to completely switch to training according to Zaitsev.

We don't need an alphabet

After observing the children, how they comprehend the letter, Nikolai Zaitsev came to the following conclusions.

A common phenomenon: mother bought the alphabet, the child learned the letters, but cannot read. His words don't stick.

"The alphabet is harmful," says Nikolai Aleksandrovich. In the alphabet, a picture is given for each letter: A - stork, B - hippopotamus, etc. The kid will remember both the letter and the picture, but how then to explain to him that a zebra - a stork - a lizard - a heron, flashing in his mind, should form the word "hare". And even if the child did not learn letters from the alphabet, which makes it difficult to remember the names of the letters, it is still difficult for him to immediately realize that B and A turn into the syllable BA. That is why teachers are forced to go to different tricks to show how two letters merge into a syllable.

In Russian, a syllable can contain from 1 to 10 letters. You will meet in the text such a surname as Pfeldrt or Mkrtchyan - you will not read it right away, but there is only one syllable. Of course, the baby does not need to read such complex words, but even a simple one-syllable word "splash" will cause certain difficulties for a child reading in syllables.

3. A person first learns to write, and then to read.

It is easier for a child to go to reading through writing. Just like an adult when learning a new language. Provided, of course, that by writing we mean not "scratching with a pen in a notebook", but the transformation of sounds into signs, and by reading, respectively, the transformation of signs into sounds. Therefore, if you have ever tried to teach a child to recognize the most native words and wrote "mom", "dad", "grandmother", "grandfather", "Sasha" on asphalt or paper, and then asked: "Where is dad? And where grandmother? Where is your name?", then the child did not read, but wrote. He turned your sounds into signs written by you.

Alternative to syllables - warehouses

The basic unit of language for Zaitsev is not a sound, letter or syllable, but a warehouse.

A warehouse is a pair of a consonant and a vowel, or a consonant and a hard or soft sign, or even one letter. For example, SO-BA-KA, PA-RO-VO-3, A-I-S-T, etc. The warehouse principle of reading is the basis of the Zaitsev method of teaching children to read.

Why warehouse?

"Everything we say is combinations of a vowel-consonant pair," Nikolai Alexandrovich explains. "A consonant must be followed by a vowel sound. It may not be indicated on the letter, but it is there." Our ancestors felt this and put "yat" at the end of nouns ending in a consonant. Say, for example, the word: "o-a-zis", holding your hand on your throat, and you will feel the force of the ligaments before "o" and before "a", or, in Zaitsev's terminology, "the muscular effort of the speech apparatus." This very effort is the warehouse.

Warehouses on cubes

The baby sees warehouses not in a book, not on cards, but on cubes. This is the fundamental point of the Zaitsev system.

Why cubes?

Reading requires the work of analytical thinking (letters are abstract icons; the brain converts them into sounds, from which it synthesizes words), which begins to form only by school. That is why we and our parents at this age began to learn to read.

The lack of analytical thinking is compensated in the child by a heightened perception of the signals that the sense organs supply to him. Therefore, Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev relied on vision, hearing and tactile sensations. He wrote warehouses on the faces of the cubes. He made the cubes different in color, size and sound that they make, so each time they are accessed, different channels of perception are turned on. This helps children to feel, rather than understand, the difference between vowels and consonants, voiced and soft.

Using these cubes, the child makes up words and begins to read them. Zaitsev's idea is simple: what is good to show, you don't need to talk about it for a long time (it's better to see it once). Children must first be interested in showing the subject of study, let it play, and then sum up the definition. This is how the holy law of learning is observed: from the concrete-figurative through the visual-effective to the verbal-logical.

Zaitsev Cubes. What are the cubes

Many parents who pay attention to the development of children speak positively about the original teaching method, known as the Zaitsev Cubes. Surely many have heard about the unique author's development of a talented teacher from St. Petersburg Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev, but not everyone knows what is the secret of the effectiveness of unusual objects.

Zaitsev's cubes will teach children from the age of two years to read quickly. During classes, the game is combined with learning, the baby not only sees the warehouses, but also hears them. Golden, wooden, iron, large/small cubes of different colors and sizes, original tables plus musical accompaniment turn learning to read from a tedious, difficult process into an interesting, exciting experience.

Zaitsev's cubes: what is it

A set for developing activities consists of the following elements:

cubes - 52 units. Among them are 7 repeating with syllables that kids often use for simple, first words (PA, DYA, MA);
products of different colors, large / small, double / single;
varieties: gold, wood-gold, iron-gold;
white cube with punctuation marks;
small products with the image of soft warehouses (LA), large - hard (LA);
vowels, consonants, soft, hard signs are marked with different colors;
the set includes several tables, samples of warehouse pictures, a playing field;
CD with songs for certain games and activities;
manual (booklet) for parents, teachers, educators of preschool institutions with a description of the methodology, rules for performing exercises. Each lesson is detailed. For example, in the first lesson, children examine the cubes, just play with them, study each group of elements in terms of sound, color, size.

Cube Features:

iron-gold - warehouses with a soft sign;
iron-wood - warehouses with a solid sign;
golden - vowels are depicted;
iron - voiced warehouses;
wooden - muted warehouses.

The unique allowance allows children to read, speak, write correctly after a few lessons. At 4–5 years old, a preschooler reads after five or six lessons for half an hour, at 6–7 years old - after three or four lessons. For successful classes, it is important to understand the methodology, read the manual, watch the video instructions on the Internet. Parents need desire, patience, understanding of the principles of education. It is important to equip a study corner: when unfolded, the elements occupy a certain place.

The essence of the technique:

the talented teacher N.A. Zaitsev reflected in his creation the idea that an elementary particle of speech is not a letter, but a warehouse;
the idea is simple - you need to show, instead of telling for a long time. Children see the cubes, wonder what they are, play, then learning begins. There is a smooth transition from the concrete-figurative through visibility and action to the verbal-logical;
warehouses and individual letters (PA, LA, KU, LE, C, and so on) are written on the edges of the famous developing elements;
pairs "Consonant + vowel", "Consonant + b or b", warehouse of one letter;
the child begins to speak, he pronounces syllables, not individual letters. This feature was used by N.A. Zaitsev;
children memorize warehouses well, quickly compose words from several warehouses;
speed up learning, add more fun, add game elements helps singing chains, blocks from warehouses;
for convenience, the set includes tables, stock pictures - samples by which the child can easily make a word;
regular classes help children of different ages and degrees of preparedness quickly learn to read, write dictations, and learn letters.

Advice! For maximum effectiveness, it is important to maintain the same learning environment at home and at the preschool. The tables should be hung on the walls, the cubes should be located on a long wall just above eye level. The ideal option is a double shelf for cubes. Such an arrangement of didactic material allows you to always keep the elements in working condition, do not litter the room, and maintain order in the nursery.

Advantages

Teachers and parents highlight many positive points:

the child not only hears warehouses, but also sees them. Figurative memory helps learning;
the baby is interested: different colors, weight, unusual sound intrigue, curiosity takes over;
it is impossible to make a mistake in spelling a word: there is no “incorrect” detail “CHA”, “ZHY” in the set, there is only “CHA”, ZHI”. Literacy is developed from the first stage;
the baby remembers images, warehouses, easily finds “MA” or “SU” at the request of an adult;
kids at 3.5–4 years old learn to read from the first lesson. The developmental manual takes into account the peculiarities of the child's psyche, allows you to include the maximum number of organs in the work to memorize new concepts;
singing warehouses perfectly trains the speech apparatus. The set comes with a CD with chants that the child must repeat;
Children are interested in learning warehouses, making words. Toddlers easily navigate among the many objects placed at eye level;
it is easy for children to understand how deaf and voiced consonants differ. To do this, N.A. Zaitsev came up with a different filling of the "insides" of each unit. "Sounding" cubes ring well, "deaf" - tapping with a muffled, deep sound. Of particular interest is the different sound of each band;
the correct size of letters/warehouses. Children can easily distinguish the inscriptions on each object even from a distance of 2-3 meters. Vision is not strained, the baby is not angry, easily finds the desired element;
classes are fun, without pressure on the psyche, boring explanations. During the mini-lessons, the kids sing, run, jump, clap syllables and words;
it is easy for adults to tell which cube to look for. Each group has a certain size, color, sound. It happens that a small student has forgotten what this or that letter looks like, but this is easy to fix. For example, a warehouse "CO" can be designated as: "a large wooden cube SA SU SE SY WITH CO". The ringing filler cannot be confused with a dull tapping.

Helpful information:

the cost of the finished set is quite high, some parents make didactic material on their own. How to assemble Zaitsev's cubes with your own hands? First, cut out the contours of the elements of the didactic material, fold the pattern into a cube;
it is important to prepare enough filler for each group. For example, "iron" elements can be filled with cut and bent tin cans, metal corks from lemonade and beer, fishing bells;
Fill the "wooden" elements with broken pencils, wooden sticks, buttons, shells. Fill the white cube for signs tightly with chopped shreds or paper.

Price

The original didactic material is packed in a large beautiful box. The cost of the finished set is quite high - from 4000 to 4300 rubles. The quality of products is good: each unit is made of thick glossy cardboard, will last a long time. The benefits of the original developmental elements are many times higher than the cost of the kit.

In children's stores, large supermarkets, and online stores, parents will find sets created by the teacher N.A. Zaitsev for the development of reading, the Road Signs manual (3,450 rubles). Many parents positively evaluated the "Universal Coin Allowance" for teaching mathematics and counting to children from 3 years old (1050 rubles).

Games and exercises

In the methodological recommendations, which are necessarily attached to each developmental set, the training system, game options, and sequence of actions are described in detail. After reading the manual, parents will understand how to deal with children of different ages. It is important to follow the rules, not to "jump" through the lesson.

The famous teacher N.A. Zaitsev spent more than one year to offer educators, teachers, parents a really effective tool for developing reading and mathematical skills. There is nothing superfluous in the instructions, only a step-by-step, accessible description of the classes.

Pay attention to a brief description of some games, exercises for toddlers and older children. You will understand what the essence of the original method is.

For classes you will need:

space on the wall for tables (they are quite voluminous);
a shelf (preferably two) or a table near the wall for arranging the cubes. If there are no shelves, allocate a special box for the didactic material;
long pointer (from 110 cm).

Exercises and educational games:

Train. For the first lesson, you will need a toy locomotive and a golden LARGE cube with the letter A. The kid must find all the details with this letter, make a train. An adult voices warehouses (MA, KA, FA), the baby repeats. The train will "go" when all warehouses are announced.
Song in cubes. The adult explains that each element has its own chant. The kid chooses an element, the adult clearly sings the warehouse, facing the student. The child sees the movement of the lips, repeats. After a few songs "on order" switch roles. Now the baby sings, and the adult repeats (of course, he tells how the inscription is sung). An important detail: the baby always looks at what you (or he) sings.
Abracadabra. Offer to compose a funny word, choose cubes without looking, you can 5, 7, 10 elements. Let the preschooler put them side by side, sing along with the adult. It is clear that it will turn out to be an absurdity that causes laughter. At the same time, the child will understand that there are practically no (“childish”) words that he understands, consisting of 10–12 syllables, he learns to determine the boundaries of the word. Surely, the child will show at least one “correct” word. For example, from warehouses standing side by side MA - KA - RO - DO - BU - SY - KO - NY - LA - MA, a smart student will make PASTA, BEADS, MAMA. Praise, ask to sing "normal" words.
Talking (singing) tower. A small student assembles a tower to his taste, another building from didactic material of any size. Say that since every detail can sing, it means that the turret or house also sounds. Ask to choose any element, sing, looking into the eyes of the baby, let the child repeat. It is important that the preschooler fixes his gaze on the right side with the sung warehouse. Say that the turret also speaks. Do not sing the same element, but say it, the baby will repeat after you.
Singing on the table. Show your son or daughter that there are the same songs on the field of the table as on the developing cubes. All warehouses, sounds are grouped by type. There is a "golden column", "iron", "wooden" and so on. Point to the GOLD LARGE cube, slowly sing to the scale motif (from high note to low): "This is a BIG GOLD U - O - A - E - S." Encourage your little student to sing after you. Hug the baby by the shoulders, speak in a calm voice, interest, but do not insist. Anyway, curiosity will prevail, in a couple of days the son or daughter will certainly want to sing themselves.

This is only a small part of the exercises and educational games according to the method of N.A. Zaitsev. Exactly follow the instructions that are in each set, and after a few lessons you will be surprised that your two-three-year-old baby can easily read syllables, enthusiastically sings chains of warehouses, and is drawn to didactic material. The positive experience of parents who used Zaitsev's cubes to quickly learn to read confirms the effectiveness of the author's methodology.

The unique development of a teacher from St. Petersburg, N.A. Zaitsev, helped thousands of children quickly learn to read. A set of didactic material is indispensable for speech therapy problems, for teaching reading to autistic children, deaf and hard of hearing children, with a delay in speech development. Original products help to learn the language for children and adults at any age.

To help parents: a description of the exercises, a video about the original method of N.A. Zaitsev for quickly learning to read:

Every parent dreams that their child will be smart, developed and will go to school, being able to read and write at least in their native language. That is why various systems are now at the peak of popularity, for example, the Zaitsev technique, which allows you to achieve good results while doing it at home. We offer to get acquainted with this technique in more detail, to find out its pros and cons.

Short story

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zaitsev himself was born into a family of rural teachers, graduated from the philological department of the Pedagogical Institute, and specialized in teaching Russian to foreigners. Interestingly, he practiced in Indonesia, where he taught local residents to read and write in Russian. Already at that time, he became interested in creating a unique system that would make the learning process easier and more accessible not only for adults, but also for children.

For many years, Zaitsev was engaged in teaching activities, until he finally decided on his interests - his goal was to create educational programs for kids. The researcher drew attention to the shortcomings of the classical method and proposed his own version of their resolution.

The problems and innovations of Zaitsev are presented in the form of a table.

Note that the system is popular in our time, many use it for home learning.

Description

It has been proven that preschool children have a very plastic memory, grasp everything on the fly, and are able to remember huge flows of information. It is these features that are actively used for early learning. And if some methodologists, such as Doman, suggested focusing on memorization using cards, then others, in particular Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zaitsev, were looking for their own approaches.

In his work, he used the concept of "warehouse" - this is an elementary speech particle, consisting of two sounds (vowel and consonant) or from a pair of "consonant + b / b". The teacher placed such options on his cubes, which are very popular with those parents who want to teach their child to read from an early age. In addition, Zaitsev also developed syllabic tables that can be used as a visual aid.

The main feature of the system, which distinguishes it from others, is the use of warehouses. Most people learned to read in elementary school according to this algorithm:

familiarity with letters and sounds;
making syllables out of them;
the addition of whole words from syllables.

And Zaitsev, focusing on the fact that individual sounds are almost never present in a child’s speech, suggested immediately working with a special unit - a warehouse. He believed that the division of the syllable into sounds is unnatural and complicates the learning process. It was in this division that the teacher saw the key reason for the difficulties that arise in many children who are taught to read. The classical technique - harmful, in his opinion - leads to severe mental and emotional stress, which, in turn, can cause more serious mental problems.

best age

You can use the early development technique from 3.5–4 years. The main thing is that the baby does not get tired and shows a keen interest in the educational process. It is unacceptable to conduct lessons on days when the baby feels unwell, is ill, or simply does not want to study.

You can also use cubes for babies from a year old, but it should be understood that at such an early age they are more of a toy than a didactic tool. But they will do their job - the child will learn to read much faster and more productively in the future.

Cubes

The most famous result of Zaitsev's works are cubes. Various warehouses are written on their faces, including those consisting of one vowel. Putting them together, the baby can make words, and then sentences. It is interesting that the cubes themselves differ from each other in color, size, even sound, which is why the child very easily learns how the deaf differs from the voiced.

The composition of the set is very interesting. There are 52 cubes in total, with repeating warehouses used by young children (for example, MA and MA, PA and PA) written on their faces. They differ in several ways:

To size. Soft warehouses (like ML) are written on small ones, hard warehouses (MA) are written on large ones.
By color and material (iron ones contain voiced variants, wooden ones are deaf. Vowels are applied on the golden edges. Iron-gold ones contain b, iron-wood ones - b).

What is special about this grant?

The creator himself proceeded from the fact that the leading activity for kids is the game. Therefore, it is better to teach reading in such an easy and accessible form.
The child will comprehend the most important knowledge, enjoying it.
Presenting the material in an unusual form will not tire the baby, but will cause him genuine interest and a desire to learn further.
You can study both at home and in kindergarten, both with one child and with several.

The teacher was sure that for a successful learning process, the child's visual perception should be used, and not auditory, as is done in the traditional education system. It was this position that was taken as the basis of his theory.

Principles

The technology of teaching reading by N. A. Zaitsev is based on the following key principles:

The material must be presented systematically.
It is necessary to go not only from the particular to the general, but also from the general to the particulars.
Be sure to use visibility, various channels for presenting information.
It is necessary to create and use clear algorithms for the presentation of educational material.
Be sure to do everything possible so that the lessons do not harm the fragile health of the crumbs.

In modern conditions, you can play with cubes in a variety of ways - for example, come up with a fairy tale and tell it to your little one. Let's say that fantastic animals live in a magical forest that communicate with each other using songs. After that, you need to “sing” all the vowels on the cubes. Any motive can be used. When the kid figured out these letters, you can begin to get acquainted with warehouses containing consonants.

Learning structure

Consider step by step how you can teach a child to read at an early age using the Zaitsev system.

The first lesson is a game with cubes according to the rules of the baby. He gets acquainted with the visual aid.
Next, you should listen to the cubes, understand how which one sounds, systematize.
Studying the size of products, systematization. At this step, it should be explained that soft syllables are very tiny, but hard syllables are strong, and therefore large.
Then we start singing. First, together with the child, the mother sings warehouses from cubes, tables, then they move on to building and then singing whole words.
You need to pronounce warehouses loudly and clearly, showing the children an example.

As soon as the study of the cubes is completed, you should proceed to work with the table: the mother leads with a pointer, the baby pronounces warehouses. This form contributes to quick memorization. The child will look at the same warehouse in different versions, which will allow him to learn the material much faster.

results

Teaching reading using this technique allows you to achieve very impressive results:

kids at the age of 3 master a difficult science after 6 months;
for four-year-olds, 16 lessons are enough;
children at the age of 5 understand everything in 5-10 lessons;
preschoolers at 6 years old - for 4-6 lessons.

Therefore, the baby will go to school fully prepared.

Advantages

Like any other pedagogical discovery, the Zaitsev method has both pluses and minuses. Among its undoubted advantages are the following:

Learning by playing brings real pleasure to the baby. He is interested, the lessons do not cause boredom.
Classes with cubes help develop the child's fine motor skills, which is useful in itself.
Development of memory - both visual and auditory.
The kid has a real chance to learn to read much earlier than his peers without tedious cramming and tears, with pleasure.
Literacy education. Warehouses are compiled in such a way that they comply with the rules of the native language, so from an early age the baby will remember that SHI and ZhI should be written without the letter Y.
There are no age restrictions, you can read at any age, the main thing is that the child is interested.

As you can see, there are a lot of advantages, and they are significant.

Flaws

Parents should be familiar with the disadvantages of the technique.

When a child reads a syllable or a warehouse, he does not fully understand the whole process of formation of a single sound. Therefore, it may begin to skip endings when reading and even speaking.
School will have to relearn. Teachers, of course, will be amazed at the skills of the crumbs, but they will tell him about syllables, as required by the classical program. In addition, the problem will also arise when performing tasks such as “divide the word into syllables”. The child is accustomed to warehouses, so new language units can become a stumbling block for him.
The technique is largely based on the use of associations (colors, sounds), so at a school where there are no such prompts, it will be quite difficult for the baby.
Many kids begin to confuse similar syllables such as VE and BE. The problem is especially noticeable in writing.
The development of the creative abilities of the crumbs is completely absent.
Impressive cost. Not every parent can afford the treasured set.

"Don't study, but play!" This is how Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zaitsev's method of teaching reading to be briefly characterized. Perhaps this is the most popular technique today. With its help, advocates of early development teach their babies to read, write, count and even master foreign languages. And children are not against such training. After all, all that is required of them is to play with bright cubes and sing songs.

How Zaitsev's cubes appeared

Nikolai Zaitsev was born and raised in a family of rural teachers and had no doubts about his choice of specialty: after school he entered the Faculty of Philology of the Pedagogical University. Herzen. In the fifth year he was sent as a translator to Indonesia. There, Nikolai Alexandrovich began to teach Russian as a foreign language. This event became the starting point in the creation of his unique system of teaching reading and writing. One of the most difficult languages in the world - Russian - had to be taught in the shortest possible time. The students were adults, already unaccustomed to learning people - officers. Such a task seemed overwhelming, but Zaitsev coped brilliantly. He invented new methods on the go, came up with original tables, tried to penetrate into the essence of the language, so that - in the words of Zaitsev himself - "learn to pass it on to others."

Then Zaitsev turned to preschoolers, including the smallest - children from one and a half years old. The methods were adapted for kids - training was reduced to games. And here the teacher expected success. His invention - cubes - was called the "ringing miracle." Children with difficulty learning to read and write began to read in just a few lessons. The methodology proved itself so well that a number of schools decided to completely switch to training according to Zaitsev.

We don't need an alphabet

After observing the children, how they comprehend the letter, Nikolai Zaitsev came to the following conclusions.

To learn to read, it is not necessary to know the names of the letters.
A common phenomenon: mother bought the alphabet, the child learned the letters, but cannot read. His words don't stick.
“The alphabet is harmful,” says Nikolai Alexandrovich. In the alphabet, a picture is given for each letter: A - stork, B - hippopotamus, etc. The kid will remember both the letter and the picture, but how then to explain to him that the zebra - stork - lizard - heron, flashing in his mind, should form the word "hare". And even if the child did not learn letters from the alphabet, which makes it difficult to remember the names of the letters, it is still difficult for him to immediately realize that B and A turn into the syllable BA. That is why teachers are forced to go to different tricks to show how two letters merge into a syllable.
The syllables are difficult to read.
In Russian, a syllable can contain from 1 to 10 letters. You will meet in the text such a surname as Pfeldrt or Mkrtchyan - you will not read it right away, but there is only one syllable. Of course, the baby does not need to read such complex words, but even a simple one-syllable word “splash” will cause certain difficulties for a child reading in syllables.
A person first learns to write, and then to read.
It is easier for a child to go to reading through writing. Just like an adult when learning a new language. Provided, of course, that by writing we mean not “scratching with a pen in a notebook”, but the transformation of sounds into signs, and by reading, respectively, the transformation of signs into sounds. Therefore, if you have ever tried to teach a child to recognize the most native words and wrote “mom”, “dad”, “grandmother”, “grandfather”, “Sasha” on asphalt or paper, and then asked: “Where is dad? Where is grandma? And where is your name? ”, then the child did not read, but wrote. He turned your sounds into signs written by you.

An alternative to syllables - warehouses

The basic unit of language for Zaitsev is not a sound, letter or syllable, but a warehouse.

Why warehouse?

“Everything we pronounce is combinations of a vowel-consonant pair,” Nikolai Alexandrovich explains. A consonant must be followed by a vowel. It may not be indicated on the letter, but it is there. Our ancestors felt this and put “yat” at the end of nouns ending in a consonant. Say, for example, the word: “o-a-zis”, holding your hand on your throat, and you will feel the force of the ligaments before “o” and before “a”, or, according to Zaitsev’s terminology, “the muscular effort of the speech apparatus”. This very effort is the warehouse.

Warehouses on cubes

The baby sees warehouses not in a book, not on cards, but on cubes. This is the fundamental point of the Zaitsev system.

Why cubes?

Zaitsev Cubes. What are the cubes

There are 52 cubes in the Zaitsev Cubes set (seven of them are repeated to build the words PA-PA, MA-MA, DYA-DYA and the like, which are closest to the child, especially at first. The cubes are divided into large and small, single and double, golden, iron-gold, wooden-gold.There is one white die with punctuation marks.Also the dice are different in color.

Large ones are cubes with solid warehouses. Small - cubes with soft warehouses. However, Nikolai Alexandrovich strongly disagrees with the definition of “soft-hard”: what is hard and soft here? But there is a big one and a small one! Compare how your mouth opens when you say BA or BYA.

Large and small cubes come in different colors and with different fillings.

Double - these are cubes glued together, with consonants that are combined - "friendly" - not with all vowels. For example, F (F) - ZHA-ZHO (SAME) - ZHU-ZHI-ZHE. Options such as “zhy”, “shy”, “chya”, “schya” are simply excluded.

Iron - cubes with sonorous warehouses. Wooden cubes - with muted warehouses. Gold - cubes with vowels. Iron-wood - used for warehouses with solid signs. Wood-gold - for warehouses with soft signs. The white die is used to indicate punctuation marks.

The letters on the cubes are written in different colors: vowels - in blue; consonants - blue; hard and soft sign - green.

Many teachers and parents are embarrassed by this coloring, because the school adopted a completely different one: consonants are blue or green, vowels are red. So, the baby will have to be retrained. However, the author of the method claims that the avoidance of red-blue-green combinations allows avoiding the color “tornness” of words, and therefore children immediately begin to read fluently, without hesitation.

Getting ready for classes step by step. We glue the cubes

There are three types of Zaitsev cubes: standard unassembled, assembled and plastic. The cubes from the standard (unassembled) set include blank cubes that you need to glue yourself. You can do this fascinating business in the dead of night, while your beloved child is sleeping. But imagine what the first action will be performed by a small child who receives a cube with some kind of rattles or noisemakers inside? Right! He will tear it apart. And if you glue the cubes together, such a temptation will not arise, because it is already clear what is inside.

Think about strengthening the cubes in advance. To do this, you can insert another one, almost the same in size, cut out of thick cardboard inside the cube.

You can glue the cubes with Moment glue. If not, then you can use PVA glue. In the process of drying the glue, pull the cube with bank rubber bands so that it does not part.

Be sure to protect the cubes - glue them on all sides with tape. Before starting gluing, you can laminate the scan or wrap it with thermal film, and after assembly, also glue the corners of the edges with tape.

After pasting with adhesive tape or thermal film, the cubes can glare in bright light, then it is necessary to make sure that the child is clearly visible every time, looking at the cube from his point of view - literally sitting in his place.

We hang tables

It is advisable to first cut the tables included in the set of Zaitsev cubes along the line shown along the edges. Then, aligning the edges of the parts of the table, glue them with glue or tape. If you hang parts of the table without gluing, then in the process of training, they may begin to “disperse”.

It is also desirable to wrap the tables with thermal film. Thanks to this, they will not tear or get dirty during use.

In Zaitsev's book and in the manual attached to the set of cubes, it is written that it is desirable to hang the tables high, the lower edge at the level of an adult's head or higher. However, these recommendations are based on the fact that Zaitsev's cubes are mainly used in a group (the author of the technique himself worked only with groups of children). If you hang the tables low, the children will block each other's writing. But if you study at home, then you have one listener - your child. In addition, classes begin in groups at 3-4 years old, and at home, a mother can study with a two-year-old or even a one-year-old baby. Such a baby simply will not be able to see anything on a highly hung table. Therefore, at home, hang the tables so that the baby can reach the top edge of the table with the handle raised up. When he grows up, lift the table - the child should reach for it, and not bend over.

And one more important note. For a very small child, the table is too large. To see several warehouses drawn at different ends of the table, he needs to either move far away (then he will not be able to show them), or run back and forth along the table. Best of all, if you have such an opportunity, hang the table in the corner of the room, bending it in half. Then the baby will be able, standing in one place, to easily reach any edge of the table with his hand.

It is desirable to place tables in the place where the baby happens most often, that is, in his room. But if there is no space at all, then you can place them in another room, in the hallway or even in the kitchen.

Wall charts are just as important as cubes, don't neglect them. The author of the technique himself, Nikolai Zaitsev, is very proud that when working with tables, his vision does not deteriorate, but sometimes it even improves, because the eyeball is constantly in motion, looking for warehouses.

Learning to sing

It is necessary to learn them, because together with your child you will not pronounce the warehouses drawn on the cubes, but sing them. According to Nikolai Alexandrovich, learning to read with singing is much more effective, interesting and more fun than without it. And some children at a tender age cannot be taught to read otherwise.

Bringing Cubes to Life

We play cubes

Now the child comes into play. All cubes with warehouses are available to the child immediately and forever. Do not be afraid that the baby will get confused. Accurate systematization allows you to quickly catch the patterns of the language, without littering the child's head with any kind of "scientific". To begin with, let him choose the cube that he liked more than the others. Take it and, turning to the child with the side that you call, sing all the warehouses. Now let the baby choose a large wooden cube. Then small. Gold. Iron. When all types of sizes and sounds are mastered, you can sing a column of warehouses according to the table to the baby and offer to find a cube with the same singing. So at the same time he will master both warehouses and their classification.

You stand at the table, take a pointer in your hands and begin to sing. Please note that you need to articulate warehouses well, show the child that the sounds are different: big and small, sonorous and rustling.

For clarity, you can move: stand on tiptoe or squat, spread your arms, etc.

It is very important to breathe life into the cubes. Come up with names for the cubes: here is the big daddy cube B-BA-BO-BU-BE-BE, and here is the small baby cube B-BY-BE-BY-BE-BE. Double dice are grandparents.

Let's start writing

Do not be afraid if the child is not yet able to hold a pen in his hands. Do not write with pen on paper. The kid will lead a pointer or finger along the table, singing: “Ba-bo-bu-by-be, Ma-sha, mo-lo-ko.” After all, he needs to understand how words are composed, take them apart and reassemble them. And, of course, you need to write with the help of cubes, making words out of them.

Start writing with what is dearest to the child - with the name. By the way, you can write KO-LA, but better - NI-KO-LA-Y A-LE-K-SE-E-VI-CH (the child will be glad to feel big). Then make up the names of toys, the names of loved ones. Having collected the word MAMA at one end of the room, GRANDMA LISA on the table, and UNCLE PETYA by the window, start an outdoor game of words: “Hurry, run to GRANDMA! Look who came to us - UNCLE PETIA! Meet him! And now MOM is calling you with her! In this way, it is possible to teach reading in motion without sacrificing vision and posture for literacy. Please note that we do not teach a child to read or write with the help of cubes, we just play.

Not enough cube! What to do?

Indeed, for writing certain words, there are not enough cubes that are in the set. For example, you want to write the word BANANA, and we only have one cube with warehouses HA and H (the NU-NO-NA-NE-NS-N cube) and it is impossible to rotate it with two faces at the same time. Often there are not enough cubes with warehouses in S, M, P, cubes with vowels. What to do? If you bought cubes, do not rush to glue them right away. First, photocopy on a color photocopier the scans of the most used cubes. Cut out the base for them from cardboard. If you don’t want to make anything additional, then write those words that you cannot write in cubes on a sheet of paper with felt-tip pens, highlighting warehouses in different colors, or write according to the table with a pointer.

Comment on the article "Nikolai Zaitsev's method of teaching reading. Part I"

I agree, this is the most wonderful teaching method from the age of 3, as N. Zaitsev himself points out, for those children who have not been taught to read - before they walk :)
Nevertheless, for twenty years now, the globalists, who have settled in the RAO and the Ministry of Education, still resist this technique, although it has been implemented in almost all countries. Now Russian children who are being taught in schools are almost 4 years behind their competitors in learning to read. :(
But this is not a method of early development - it will be more accurate to say - a method of AVERAGE development! and this topic, in an amicable way, should be placed in another conference.
We need to gradually figure it out and not bring everything down to the heap: early development is what is up to 3 years. :) Zaitsev himself always emphasizes that this is a technique - from the age of 3.
Otherwise, we will throw the parents back twenty years in this teleconference :)
There are attempts to apply this technique from the age of 2 - Lena Danilova promotes this practice. But this is a private initiative that was not crowned with success and requires a significant investment of time and effort. ON THE. Zaitsev, G. Doman and E. Danilova and other "zaychists" deny the beginning of learning from letters.
But since 1988, results have been obtained according to the "Read - before walking" method according to the P.V. Tyulenev - who returned to letters, because for a one-year-old child they are simpler than syllables or warehouses.
But if we post this discussion in Early Development, "then, it seems to me, parents should be warned about this right away - so as not to be introduced into unnecessary expenses.
So whoever has children older than 3 years old - you are welcome to Zaitsev, and whoever has children younger - you need to start trying the book "Reading Before Walking", which is available here on the 7yaru website. :)
It seems to me that this is also a game technique, since you can’t force a one-year-old to sit at a desk :)
My main suggestion is: where should those who work with children under 3 years of age concentrate? That is, where, after all, will we have early development, and where is the average early development, and where is the late early development? :)
On the one hand, from a commercial point of view, everything seems to be fine: "the more methods, the better"! But, on the other hand, the inclusion of Zaitsev's methodology in early development throws us back 20 years here. :)
Why? Because the one who "was late", as a rule, does not allow those who started on time to discuss this issue, that is, according to the concepts of the first, those who were late "too early" ... Such is the psychology :(.
Then where do the supporters of real early development gather, that is, those who begin to teach from the very conception or from birth to 3 years of age? :) After all, the opponents of "training from conception" - globalists like Tsargradskaya - also hide the fact that priests demand to start training from the moment of conception! Also, I read somewhere that developing up to 1 year is the development of a genius; development up to 2 years is the development of talent, etc.
I remembered: I found the link "Laws of the MIRR system".
Let's remember the sensational slogan of the Japanese: "after 3 years - it's too late!" - like so said the famous president of SONY Masaru Ibuka. Here's how.
So where is it, early development? :)

15.06.2009 12:33:41,

Everyone knows Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev by his famous cubes, which are used in kindergartens, elementary schools, development centers and at home. But the teaching methodology of this Russian teacher and educator is much deeper. It involves not only the rapid learning of reading, counting, writing, literacy, foreign languages, mathematics, anatomy, geography, ecology, music, but also gives a powerful impetus to the child's self-development. Its healing effect, high efficiency and humanity have been confirmed by practice.

Biography

Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zaitsev was born in 1939 in the village of. Hills (Novgorod region) in a family of hereditary teachers. His childhood fell on difficult war years. After the war, the family moved to Leningrad. Nikolai was an active child: he went to swimming and athletics sections, was engaged in drawing and woodcarving. In 1956, he graduated from school and worked for 2 years at the factory as a grinder and moulder. He took up wrestling and boxing.

In 1958 he entered the philological faculty at the Pedagogical Institute. Herzen (Russian and English). During the years of study, Zaitsev began to study subjects in more depth due to a misunderstanding of many things. Even then, he began to draw tables, build graphs, making it easier for himself to understand objects.

In 1963, as a fifth-year student, Nikolai did an internship as a translator in Indonesia. There, the young teacher laid the foundation for his original educational system. The first experience of teaching the native language in its own way was successful.

He never received a diploma, because. his thesis was not up to standard. After the institute, Zaitsev worked as a teacher in an orphanage, in a children's colony, a boarding school for special children. He tried his technique on special children. Success was variable, but it gave impetus to further research.

Then Zaitsev became a teacher of literature at school. During this period, he developed a clear and without cumbersome rules system of teaching the native language for high school. The test results were negative: the students did not feel their native language, it was easier for them to memorize the rules, they were taught that way ...

By the end of the 70s. Zaitsev gradually determined the direction of experiments for himself: educational visual programs and manuals for kids from 1.5 years old. Everything was presented in a playful way.

And then success awaited him. His learning through the blocks was easily perceived by the kids.

The pedagogy of that time did not tolerate any deviations from the traditional one, therefore, before perestroika (80s), all Zaitsev's developments and manuals were not in demand. And only with the collapse of the USSR, it began to be used in kindergartens and schools. Although the Ministry of Education did not officially recognize it.

In 1989, JSC "Mazai" (methodical alternatives to Zaitsev) was created, where the innovator became a leading specialist. This began the active dissemination of Zaitsev's methods and manuals. The production of cubes was launched for the first time.

Since 1991, the technique has already been adapted for children from 1.5-4 years old.

In 1993, on the basis of the St. Petersburg kindergarten No. 74, Zaitsev was allowed to apply his methods. Since then, it has been his creative laboratory. Here, in 1994, for the first time, he introduced a course of anatomy, physiology and human hygiene, ecology adapted for kids, and over five years of observation, he stated a stable positive result. The children were interested in and accessible systemic, visual information about a person, his health, and the environment.

In 1995, Professor Ruvinsky founded the Academy of Creative Pedagogy (ATP). It brought together disparate innovative teachers, allowed them to exchange experiences, make their methods public, and improve their qualifications. Zaitsev became a professor at this academy.

In 1996, Mazai JSC was transformed into Zaitsev Methods LLC, whose tasks remained the same: to develop, publish and implement the author's manuals and methods. This association has been successfully operating to this day. It releases "Zaitsev's Cubes", "Stochet", "I Write Beautifully", etc.

Professor Zaitsev lives in St. Petersburg, lectures all over the country, develops new manuals. He has many like-minded students. He is still a leading specialist of the non-governmental institution of additional education "Methods of N. Zaitsev". Despite its popularity, its system has never been officially recognized.

The origins and foundations of the technique

When developing his system, Zaitsev relied on the research of I.M. Sechenov, I.P. Pavlova, A.A. Ukhtomsky, V.M. Bekhterev.

He used these conclusions:

dividing the sensory stream into elements, and then linking these elements into groups is very well perceived by the brain;
It is possible to enhance perception by presenting information with a clearly defined rhythm.

Zaitsev made this discovery in neurophysiology the basis of his system. The main idea of his methodology is based on the fact that the process of cognition should be based on all forms of perception of the child:

thinking;
hearing;
vision;
motor and tactile memory.

Zaitsev's educational material activates the perception of the child, since it is systemic (from the particular to the general and vice versa), collected in one place and attractive, attracting attention. In fact, this methodology is based on the foundations of collaborative pedagogy. The role of the teacher is:

to the organization of a fun gaming learning environment;
mentoring assistance to the child in learning to read, count, write, grammar.

Another basis of his method was the use of the warehouse as an elementary particle of speech. A warehouse is a fusion of a consonant and vowels, just a vowel, a consonant in an open syllable. This is a more natural division of a word than a syllable. This is how babies begin to talk. And it's easier to learn to read.

The origins of this lie in the same neurophysiology, since the warehouse is a conscious effort of the muscles of the speech apparatus. These efforts are easy to determine if you lightly wrap your hand around the neck under the base of the jaw and say something loudly. The idea itself is not new. Learning to read and write according to the method of Zaitsev is very similar to the primer of Fedot Kuzmichev (XIX century) and the alphabet of L. Tolstoy (he studied using Kuzmichev's primer). These books are based on the warehouse method, not syllables.

After 200 years, Zaitsev, having accepted the previous experience, went further. According to his method, it is not necessary to purposefully learn letters at all. They will simply learn themselves in the process of playing with manuals on which warehouses are written. For the first time, he tried the method of quickly mastering the language with the help of warehouses on his cubes.

Then there were the tables. Here Zaitsev relied on experience (a system of reference signals) and Erdniev (an enlarged unit of didactics). He created tables through which a huge amount of information was transmitted with a minimum number of characters. The correct arrangement of these tables on the walls allowed information to quickly appear in memory.

Zaitsev's methodology broke the main stereotype of traditional education: the rule-exercise, moved away from the scattered and unsystematic nature of the material. Moreover, such a neurophysiological approach ensured a high voluntary mobility of the child during training with a minimum load on vision.

General description of Zaitsev's technique

The innovative teacher set himself the goal of teaching children to read, write, literacy and counting without cramming and imposing. While studying at the institute, he already realized that traditional education is not effective. His system was developed in the same direction. He left the traditional training scheme: exercise-task. Only the game, only what is interesting and no violence. Nikolai Aleksandrovich laid down the following principles in his system:

the child does not learn to live, but lives here and now, so he will learn what he is interested in now;
education should keep pace with the development of the child, not ahead of him;
any complex tasks are available to the child if they are available and relevant to him;
the child is an active person, not an object of learning;
the child studies the world around him with his whole body, movement for him is an additional source of information.

They allow you to give a powerful impetus to the natural abilities of the child, pushing him to self-development.

Features of the technique

“The essence is in simplicity and consistency!”

The technique is very loyal to children. Since the classes are held in the form of a game, there are no:

fear of making a mistake;
losers and losers;
remarks;
coercion;
notations;
calls;
estimates.

Zaitsev's lessons are very noisy and laid-back. The author has developed hundreds of games, so each new lesson is not like the previous one.

Classes are equipped in a special way:

the desks are arranged around the perimeter so as not to obscure the visual material;
tables are hung on the walls at a height of 170 cm from the floor.

The material is given to the child at once entirely on the tables, and he can assimilate it at his own pace. All warehouses are systematized on cubes and wall tables. Each cube has a row and a column in the table. After working with the cubes, the children run with a pointer to the tables in search of the necessary warehouses. They involuntarily sort through dozens of options, easily memorizing them. The high systemic nature of the benefits allows children to quickly grasp their algorithm.

Between the tables with warehouses there are tables of "Hundred Accounts", according to which children learn to add and subtract two-digit numbers.

The lessons are naturally competitive in nature: everyone wants to give the correct answer as soon as possible and peers at the table from anywhere in the class. Thus, the reading of tables from different distances is forced to begin, and vision is involuntarily trained. Most of the lesson, students spend in motion with their heads up (look at the tables), strengthening their posture. In such an environment, children think more actively, and the learning process is effective.

The famous Zaitsev cubes: what is it?

The cubes are designed to teach reading, basic literacy and writing. There are 52 cubes in the set (7 repeating, for words like uncle). Warehouses are applied to each cube, there are 200 of them in total. The cubes in the set differ in different ways:

size;
color (12);
material;
sound;
by filler;
by weight.

These features help children to feel the difference between vowels and consonants, voiced and soft, and memorize warehouses of different character:

Large cubes - with hard warehouses, small ones - with soft ones.
White cube - with punctuation marks.
There are double cubes with consonants that are not friendly with all vowels (zha, zhu, zhi).
There are no warehouses zhy, shy, chya, schya on the cubes.
Voiced warehouses - a metal cube, deaf warehouses - wooden.
The golden cube is the vowels.
Warehouses with a hard sign are placed on iron-wood cubes, and those with a soft sign are placed on wooden-gold ones.
All letters are of different colors: vowels are blue, consonants are blue,
Hard and soft signs are green.

Children during the game memorize warehouses and features of cubes. From warehouses it is easy to add words. Then all this is built into a coherent grammatical system. Acquaintance with warehouses begins with cubes, and ends with tables.

Zaitsev's tables

Zaitsev's tables are highly systematic visual teaching aids, on which all educational material is modeled.

The tables serve all the material at once and are hung on the walls.

They create a learning environment. Tables are multifunctional intermediaries between students and mentors:

learn;
give information;
are guides to educational material;
develop the necessary skills;
help mutual learning.

warehouse (to compare the qualities of sounds - softness, deafness, sonority, hardness, softness and for composing words);
for hundred-count (for learning to count within 100 - this is a 4-color tape with numbers from 0-99, groups of squares and circles for studying tens, even-odd);
on mathematical (shows what numbers consist of, their properties, actions on them, the origin of numbers, fractions, degrees).

Tables and cubes are inseparable parts of the learning process.

Model of kindergartens according to Zaitsev

The Zaitsev system is often used in kindergartens to teach children:

reading;
mathematics;
singing in a choir;
synthesis of drawing and writing;
the basics of grammar;
anatomy;
geography;
ecology;
botany;
zoology.

For all these areas, Zaitsev developed and tested special methods and manuals. In addition to teaching a child to write, read, count, Zaitsev's methods involve introducing kids to the outside world.

At the age of 3, children have a crisis in the formation of their personality, which is associated with the formation of their own I. The kid, who does not understand what is required of him and why, refuses to follow the rules offered by adults. The child begins to neglect his own safety.

The introduction of such areas as anatomy, ecology, geography into the kindergarten curriculum is fully justified. Getting to know themselves, kids already consciously follow the rules offered by adults. It is at 4-7 years old that the child is easily oriented:

to maintain a healthy lifestyle;
on not smoking;
not drinking alcohol;
not using drugs;
to preserve the environment;
to maintain their health;
to your safety.

And for this, the baby must understand his device, be aware of things that are useful and harmful to him. And after anatomy, botany appears, and then zoology. This is the significance of man in nature. And geography is the way to peace.

Everything is connected here: anatomy is the path from oneself to the world, and geography is from the world to oneself and from oneself to the world.

In kindergartens with such items, injuries are rare, children are not afraid of doctors, they strive for physical education, they are non-aggressive, neat, eat right and strive to learn more about the world around them.

Zaitsev's pedagogy of cooperation is very non-aggressive and gentle to the child:

The mentor offers the children all the material at once, which master it at a convenient pace.
The mentor works according to the child's program, without forcing him to do anything.
The lack of evaluation of children excludes the appearance of lagging behind. Children's fear disappears, they just play, and losing is possible in the game.
The atmosphere in the classroom is very democratic, the children do not notice the learning process itself, they just play, and the mentor directs them in the right direction.

The role of parents

Zaitsev's methodology is part of the pedagogy of cooperation. The main thing in it is the creation of a learning environment and a mentor.

The educational environment is created together with parents, which gives a powerful impetus to the development of the child.
Parents should also maintain the authority of mentors with their children.
If at least one link falls out of the child-mentor-parents system, training becomes useless.
Parents themselves should be carried away by learning, helping the child with pleasure. This will be the key to their child's success.
If parents decide to teach their child according to the Zaitsev method at home, they must create a creative developmental environment, understand the basics of the system, and then begin systemic classes. Only then can one hope for success. It must be remembered that Zaitsev's cubes are not just toys, but teaching aids.

Advantages of Zaitsev's technique

Physicians, psychologists, valeologists, physiologists, and teachers speak well of Zaitsev's methodology. The system is based on the natural, natural reactions of the body, it is very easy to adapt to the conditions of a kindergarten, school or home, groups of children of different ages and composition. He shows himself well when working with special children.

Here are its advantages:

rapid development of reading, writing and counting (10-12 lessons for preschoolers and a week for first graders);
no attachment to a certain age;
each child learns at their own pace;
the possibility of successful home schooling;
literacy for life;
lack of hypodynamia and preservation of vision;
absence of student-teacher-parent conflicts;
development of self-organization of the child;
simplicity, consistency, visibility;
combination of game and strict internal logic.

Disadvantages of Zaitsev's technique

The long-term use of the Zaitsev system in kindergartens, developmental and rehabilitation centers, and schools has revealed some shortcomings:

There are complaints from speech therapists and defectologists about missing endings in speech.
Children have difficulty with phonetics.
Benefits are quite expensive.
Difficulties in using the letter E.
Homeschooling requires a combination with traditional methods to achieve results.
With early learning to read, a powerful impetus is given to the development of centers for the perception of writing, which can lead to a delay in the development of oral speech.
The technique is effective only for right-handers.
Children may not hear individual speech sounds, which can affect writing.
The system does not develop creativity.

The popularity of the Zaitsev system

The paradox of our country: a methodology that is not recognized by the state educational system is widely known and used not only in Russia and the CIS countries, but throughout the world (in Europe, Australia, the USA, Israel). In 86 countries of the world, specialized centers for the training of zaychist teachers have been opened.

The author of the methodology can easily adapt it to any language of the world, which means that it is possible to create an international pedagogical complex. There are already methods for Russian, English, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Kazakh, Tatar, Armenian and French.

Zaitsev has hundreds of like-minded people and followers. For example, Afanasova Elena Grigoryevna, a valeologist from Moscow, herself develops training manuals according to the Zaitsev system, has been successfully teaching children for 10 years, and preparing teachers.

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