Equipment for the production of matches. Production of matches equipment Different types of product "matches"

Attachments: from 20 million rubles

Payback: from 3 years

Everyone has heard the well-established expression "essential goods." In addition to foodstuffs such as salt and bread, this group also includes matches - the most common "tool" for making a fire.

business concept

Despite their archaism and the availability of alternatives in the form of lighters, matches have not lost their relevance. The main advantages are low cost and reliability, because in their simplest design there are no elements that can fail, unlike, for example, a piezoelectric element in a lighter. In addition to ordinary household matches, specialized types are distinguished, such as:

• storm (adapted for burning in extreme weather conditions);
• thermal (due to the high combustion temperature, they allow soldering metal);
• souvenir (original shape and color, usually included in gift sets);
• fireplace (convenient for lighting a fireplace due to the large length).

For the sale of finished products, established relationships with wholesale buyers are necessary, mainly with small grocery stores, supermarkets, souvenir shops and specialized stores focused on goods for outdoor activities.

Production technology

Despite the apparent simplicity of design, the manufacture of matches is a complex technological process. The material for the base can be both cardboard and wax, but the most common and at the same time convenient is wood, and not any, namely pine or aspen. Match straw is produced with the help of a match machine, into which wooden strips previously made from beams are loaded, the width and thickness of which are equal, respectively, to the length and thickness of the match. Further, the resulting base goes through a series of impregnations to impart the necessary properties and enters the drying process. After the drying machine, the match passes through the polisher, the sorting machine, the application of chemical elements to the ignition head and the packaging. You can use not the full technological cycle, but buy ready-made match straw.

What is required for implementation?

The production of matches is classified as dangerous, so the room must meet all fire safety requirements. The list of necessary equipment depends on whether match straw will be purchased or produced. In any case, you will need a dryer, a polisher, a workpiece sorting and rejecting mechanism, a chemical mixer, a chemical application machine, a box making machine and a packing machine.

Of the personnel, operators for the production line, loaders, a storekeeper and an administrator will be needed. You may need the services of an accountant and a designer (creating an original and memorable matchbox). It is necessary to agree on the supply of raw materials - timber or match straw, as well as the necessary chemical elements, such as technical potassium bichromate, copper sulfate, sodium bichromate, hard paraffin.

Step by step start instructions

1. Register an enterprise by choosing the form of ownership of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. Basic activity code 20.51 "Manufacture of explosives".
2. Find distribution channels for finished products.
3. Rent a room.
4. Purchase the necessary equipment.
5. Install and set up a production line.
6. Get the necessary permissions.
7. Conclude contracts for the supply of raw materials.
8. Recruit staff and provide training as needed.

Financial calculations

Start-up capital

Monthly expenses

How much can you earn?

The production line capacity is about 5,000,000 pieces per month. That's 100,000 boxes. With a wholesale price of 10 rubles for one box, we get 1,000,000 rubles. income per month. Net profit is 530,000 rubles.

Payback periods

With such a rate of return, the investments made will pay off in a period of at least three years.

Risks

Serious disadvantages of the production of matches are the need for large initial investments and a long payback. It should be added to this that, despite all its obvious advantages, matches are gradually disappearing from everyday life, and it is very difficult to predict how this process will develop in the near future.

Outcome

Without a well-defined strategy for the sale of finished products, you should not even try to open production. Even in the presence of sales markets, there are enough pitfalls, the main of which is the high cost of equipment. However, if all obstacles are successfully overcome, the production of matches can be profitable, plus, if there is another functioning business, it gives a synergy effect due to the ability to place advertisements on matches.

According to statistics, today matches are used by about 60% of the world's population. They were invented quite recently, but have become firmly established in the daily lives of many people, which indicates the potential success of the match business.

What business development options are possible?

Due to the fact that the project of organizing a full-scale match factory requires significant investments, not everyone will want and be able to organize a full-fledged production at the first stage. Therefore, we consider two options for possible development:

1. Opening of a plant with a complete technological line: from the preparation of raw materials to the production of matches to packaging.

In any case, you need to understand that this type of business is relevant only for large cities, where it is possible to develop a wide distribution network and gain regular customers.

Match factory: where to start?

First of all, you need to evaluate the scale of cash investments. Despite the fact that matches look quite simple and primitive, organizing a production line for their manufacture requires a lot of expensive equipment and machines. It is important to make a reservation here that there are more than 100 types of matches in the world, but since we rely on scale and high profitability, we take ordinary household matches as a manufactured product. At least 15 people are needed to service the entire production process of this type. In addition, due to the danger of the production process, a number of stringent requirements are also applied to the factory building and workers. And all this is important to consider when planning a business.

Financial plan

You will need the following equipment:
. planer;
. milling machine;
. straw sifting machine;
. selection machine;
. match making machine;
. drying equipment;
. polishing machine;
. mixer of chemical elements;
. crusher;
. box manufacturer;
. box packing machine;
. machine for applying chemicals;
. packing machine.

The total cost of purchasing the entire production line for the full production cycle will be about 15-26 million rubles. There is an opportunity to cut the budget by 150 thousand rubles and not produce straws on our own. But in this case, it will be necessary to organize the purchase and delivery of straw to the plant in the right quantity and quality on time.

The raw materials for production are:

Potassium bichromate (about 120-140 rubles per kilogram);

Sodium dichromate (about 120-140 rubles per kilogram);

Copper sulfate (about 120-140 rubles per kilogram);

Hard paraffin (from 80 rubles per kilogram);

Straws for the base (about 1600-2500 rubles per cubic meter).

Let's move on to the staff. To ensure full-scale production, a minimum of 15 people will be required. Accordingly, the payroll will be about 500 thousand rubles a month. Other expenses, which vary depending on the plans of the future entrepreneur, include:
. purchase or lease of premises;
. legal registration, obtaining permits and other documents to start production;
. organization of logistics and sales.

Achieving a break-even point in the case of organizing full-scale production depends entirely on how actively and correctly you will build a distribution network. And everyone needs to sell: from large wholesalers, hypermarkets, to small stalls and kiosks, since everyone contributes to the overall sales volume. It depends on this how soon your enterprise will pay off. And as an additional source of income, the company can use matchboxes as a platform for advertising customer companies. This is a very important and large source of income, so you should definitely deal with its development.

Advertising business on matches: what do you need?

This is a simplified business idea with minimal investment and no organization of the production process, but with proper organization, it brings tangible profits. Of course, the most important thing is the numbers. We will make calculations based on the sale of a batch of one million matchboxes. We are looking for suppliers of matches and agree on the purchase of a batch without any inscriptions on the boxes - 10,000 rubles. We find clients interested in advertising, conclude an agreement for the provision of advertising services. We hire a designer and develop a template: 500 - 1,000 rubles. We pay for advertising printing on boxes: 10,000 - 25,000 rubles. Registration of all legal issues costs 1,000 - 1,500 rubles.

If we take an average, then cooperation with one client will cost about 20,000 rubles, with a total cost of 15,000-18,000 rubles. That is, the profit that will remain in your hands will be about 2,000-5,000 rubles. Your main goal is to expand your customer base and provide quality service. Then your financial investment of 40,000 rubles will pay off earlier than after six months of work.

Thus, whatever option you choose to develop your business with matches, in any case, it is very cost-effective and will remain so for a very long time. Because, despite the appearance of substitute products, lighters and matches still remain in great demand and are very actively used in everyday life.

Matches are small sticks that are used to make fire, which are made of combustible material.

At the end they have an incendiary head. The specified name comes from the old Russian word "matches", which means a wooden pointed stick.

However, there was another definition. Initially, this word was called nails made of wood, which were used to make shoes, as a fastening of the sole to the head.

Nowadays, many may have a question about how matches are made and how to organize your business on this. More on this later.

Main varieties

These products are divided depending on what material they are made of, into:

Wooden (made from soft wood - linden, aspen);

wax;

Cardboard.

According to the type of ignition, the following types of matches are distinguished:

Grating. This species is ignited on a special surface called a "grater". Today in Russia they are the most common matches. Their output is 99% of all manufactured matches.

Non-sterochnye. They ignite by friction against any surface.

Match production technology

In this case, the following actions are carried out:

• At the initial stage of making matches, logs of the required wood species are harvested. They paint the end sides with lime to avoid the process of decay.
• After that, the logs are cut into thin sheets, which are subsequently divided into blanks for this product (the length of a regular match is 42.5 mm, and its thickness is from 1.6 to 2.2 mm). This is done using special equipment.
• Then match blanks are sent to chemical workshops. There they are impregnated with phosphoric acid, and then subjected to paraffin treatment so that they do not deteriorate.
• Further, the processed blanks are dipped into a sulfur solution using a special matrix into which the sticks are inserted. As a result, match heads are obtained. And then they are dried using the same matrix, which is a two-meter tape.

While the products are drying, matchboxes are being made in a neighboring workshop. They are made from huge rolls of cardboard, on which a pattern is initially printed, and then a grater is applied. Upon completion of all these procedures, matchboxes are cut and bent.

And then, thanks to the air cyclone, they are fired into a special box-laying machine, in order to subsequently send them to the match unit for filling with the finished products. The number of pieces of this product in one package is set by the manufacturer. Then the filled boxes are packed in blocks of 10 and sent for sale.

Business intricacies

To all of the above, we can add that there are about a hundred different types of matches. They are distinguished by the degree of combustion, composition, color and size.

Expanding the production of matches, it is necessary to improve the technological process. The success of this business depends on it. You should also learn new types of matches.

Eg:

• Hunting. They differ from ordinary ones in that, in addition to the stick and the head, they have an additional coating. Due to this, the match burns for a long time with a large flame. They are quite easy to ignite in any weather. Compared to an ordinary match, a hunting match burns much longer.

• Storm. This species does not have a head, but the coating is much thicker in the main part (in comparison with hunting ones). Their ability to ignite is very high due to the fact that the incendiary mass contains a lot of bartolet salt. These matches can light up in any weather (even in a twelve-point storm). They are mainly used by fishermen and sailors.

• Gas or fireplace. Their length is much longer (in comparison with ordinary matches). Their main purpose is to ignite the burners of gas stoves or fireplaces.

There are also thermal matches. They are able to generate such an amount of heat that they can even be used for soldering. Signal matches are no less unique. They burn with multicolored flames. There are also photographic matches. They are used to create an instantaneous flash. There are also souvenir and gift items. In general, when organizing the production of matches, the variety of goods is selected on an individual basis.

Technology features

This product has a fairly simple structure. It consists of a head and a wooden base. However, this does not mean that the technology for the production of matches is too simple. There are several stages in their creation:

• The base is made of pine or aspen. To do this, take wooden bars, which are sawn into small saw cuts. You should also get rid of the bark. For the manufacture of match straw, about 60% of wood is needed.
• But the subsequent process is determined by the type of matches. If there is interest in a square cross section, then the veneer method should be used, and if in a round one, then a stamp method is needed. The first option will need to make a tape with a width equal to the length of the match itself. Its thickness is equated to the parameter of the original product. Then the tapes must be cut into match straws, which are further cut into individual elements. The match production line is 18 meters long and 7.5 meters high. It takes 8 hours to produce 10 million matches. According to the stamp method, blanks are made from the bars that are sent to the machine.
• Further, the base of the match is saturated with a fire-fighting solution, after which one of its ends is treated with paraffin so that it ignites without difficulty.
• After that, a double layer of glue is applied to form the head, as well as a protective coating from external influences.
• When the impregnations are completed, the matches are dried in a special machine for at least an hour, and then they are polished and sorted.
• Upon completion of these procedures, these products are packaged: boxes are glued, inner and outer, a grater surface is applied to the sides, labels are glued. These actions are important. The length of the box for ordinary matches is five centimeters. These parameters depend on the type of manufactured product. Matches are packed in boxes and wrapped in paper on a special machine.

Production Line

The plant for the manufacture of these products should have several basic machines at its disposal, such as:

By applying phosphorus;

On the creation of boxes;

By mixing chemical elements;

Automatic continuous equipment for the production of matches;

Selecting device;

Dryer;

Cutting unit.

The entrepreneur already acquires any other secondary devices at his individual request. All the above equipment for the production of matches will cost from 19 to 23 million rubles on average. Although it is possible to reduce costs if you remove the stages for the production of straw (it is simply bought). And of course, the manufacture of matches and their storage requires special premises in which all fire safety standards will be strictly observed.

raw material

In this case, several materials will be required. As raw materials, technical potassium and sodium bichromate, copper sulfate, and solid paraffin will fit. Aspen round timber will cost from 1.5 to 2.5 thousand rubles per 1 cubic meter.

Staff

To organize a successful production of matches, more than one pair of workers will be required. At least ten people are needed to establish the production of this product. They will include a manager, workers, loaders, technologists, line operators. The number of employees depends on the volume of production.

Among business ideas match factory refers to truly "non-burnable". The term "match" is usually associated with a wooden clip, at the end of which there is a frozen drop of a combustible mixture. But, considering the ancient use of the term, we find a different meaning. Matches were called shoe nails. Shoemakers fastened the soles to the base of the boots with matches. A very effective match business is still relevant today.

Different types of product "matches"

Equipment for the production of matches involves the use of certain types of material. The material of matches is divided into categories depending on:

Soft wood (linden, aspen);
Wax;
Cardboard.
According to the ignition technology, the types of matches are distinguished:
Burning from friction against traditional red phosphorus;
Universal matches that light up from friction on any surface.

The sequence of actions for making matches is as follows:

The choice of logs from a certain type of wood (as a rule, pine or aspen is used). The so-called match straw has about 40% of wood waste - this is bark.
Cutting wood blanks into thin sheets and fitting product parts to dimensions 42.5 mm long and 1.6 to 2.2 mm thick. The production of matches in the amount of 10 million on modern technological lines lasts 8 hours. Depending on the shape of the matches, keyed (square cross-section) or die matrices (round cross-section) are used.
Impregnation with phosphoric acid and paraffin treatment of match blanks in chemical shops.
The impregnated blanks are installed in special matrix tapes for dipping into a sulfuric solution. Match heads are distributed on this matrix for drying. The tape is 18 meters long and 7.5 meters high.
Equipment for the production of matches is also focused on the technological process for the manufacture of matchboxes. On huge cardboard rolls, a pattern is applied and red phosphorus for a grater. Then the process of cutting, bending and stacking the boxes takes place.

Varieties of production of matches

Modern match factory, in addition to traditional technologies, applies innovations. Matches are made that differ in the degree of burning, composition, color and size. Innovations in this area include product types:

Matches for hunters have a larger head. As a result, the ignition of the match has a more powerful flame and, compared with conventional matches, burns longer.
Matches for use in a storm are made using Bertolet salt as an incendiary mixture. Its ability to ignite allows maximum use in any bad weather.
For the convenience of kindling fuel in fireplaces, stoves and other heating devices, matches with long rods are used. Match production technology is constantly being improved. This trend increases the success of the match business.
Photographic matches used for instantaneous flash.
Thermal matches for soldering.
Signal matches burning with a multi-colored flame;
Souvenir match products.

Equipment for the production of matches

In the production of matches, lines are used:

Phosphor coating device;
mechanisms for creating packaging for matches;
machine for the production of matches;
chemical mixture distribution machine;
automatic line for the production of matches;
packaging device;
drying mechanism.

The cost of making matches

Match production technology estimated by the cost of equipment (from 19 to 23 million rubles); the price of raw materials (potassium and sodium bichromate, copper sulfate, paraffin, round timber of various types of wood at a cost of 1,500 to 2,500 rubles per 1 cubic meter); salaries of service personnel, including sales managers. Match factory is a production associated with the use of a combustible mixture, it is important that special attention is paid to safety.

The production of matches is a significant activity, since this product is included in the list of essential goods, along with salt and bread. Of course, in the modern world, a lot of new and more interesting ways of making fire have appeared, for example, lighters, and in various modifications, but the role of matches has not diminished.

Match business

It turns out that there are at least a hundred different types of matches. They differ in the degree of combustion, composition, color and size. The most popular types are storm matches, their peculiarity is that they are able to burn in water and in the wind.

The next type of thermal matches, they give off so much heat that they can be soldered. No less interesting are the signal ones - those that burn with a colored flame. There are also gas and fireplace matches, they are very long, used to kindle a fireplace, as the name implies. Probably, everyone has come across souvenir, gift, matches, there are also photographic ones that are used to create an instant flash. In order to establish a line for the production of matches, it is worth starting with the most ordinary, household ones.

Secrets of technology and equipment for production

The structure of a match is very simple, it is a head and a wooden base. However, this does not mean that the technology for the production of matches is very simple, there are several stages of creation.

First, a base is created from aspen or pine. To do this, wooden beams are taken, which are sawn into small saw cuts, and at the same time they get rid of the bark. Approximately sixty percent of the wood is used to make match straw. But the further process is determined by the type of matches. If we are interested in a square cross section, then we need a veneer method, and if we are talking about a round one, then a stamp method is needed.

For the first option, tapes are made with a width equal to the length of the match itself, while its thickness is equal to the thickness of the final product. After that, the tapes are cut into match straws, which are subsequently cut into individual elements. The length of the line for the production of matches is 18 meters, and the height is 7.5. It takes eight hours to produce ten million matches.. Using the stamp method, blanks are produced from the bars sent to the machine.

Upon completion of these procedures, the base of the match is impregnated with a fire-fighting solution, after which one of its ends is subjected to a paraffin treatment, which allows the match to ignite without difficulty. Then two layers of glue are applied to form the head and covered with a layer to protect from external influences. When the impregnation is completed, the matches are dried in a special machine for at least an hour, and then they are polished and sorted.

After all the procedures, they are engaged in packaging: boxes are glued, internal and external, a grater surface is applied to the sides, a label is glued. The size of a matchbox is five centimeters in length. Matches are packed in boxes and wrapped in paper on a special machine. There may be three, six or ten boxes in a package.

Production line and raw materials

The match factory has several machines, such as phosphorus spreader, box maker, chemical element mixer, automatic continuous match making machine, picking machine, dryer, cutting machine and so on. The cost of all equipment ranges from 19 to 23,000,000 rubles, although you can save money if you exclude the stages of straw production (you can just buy it).

Potassium bichromate technical, copper sulfate, sodium bichromate, hard paraffin are suitable as raw materials for our production. Aspen round timber will cost from one and a half thousand to two and a half rubles per cubic meter. To arrange the production of matches, at least ten people will be required, which include a manager, a loader, workers, line operators, and technologists.

Premises and production

According to GOST standards, several parameters are taken into account, such as the length, height and width of the box. It is made from cardboard, a label is required. The size of the match and the filling of the boxes also play a role. On average, there should be forty-five pieces in a box, the length of the head should be two and a half centimeters.

The manufacture of matches involves the use of wood and combustible chemical raw materials, therefore, the process is dangerous. This indicates the need to comply with the fire safety rules that are approved in our country.

Apparatus for drying must be equipped with devices for controlling the temperature, which is not allowed to rise above one hundred and ten degrees. As for straw grinding machines, they require a dust removal system.

It is required to monitor the condition of the equipment for the production of matches, keep it clean, just like the room, cleaning is done twice a day. The sewer well must be equipped with a sump, which must be cleaned upon completion of cleaning. According to the rules, the transportation of incendiary mass through the spreading department, drying apparatus, match warehouses is strictly prohibited, as well as the transfer of phosphorus mass through equipped premises. You can repair machines and prepare them for work, provided that there are no matches in them. The clothes of the factory workers are impregnated with a flame retardant solution.

The subtleties of the sale

To establish a successful sale of matches, such as the production of matches in Ukraine e required to establish contacts with purchasing firms. Supermarkets, simple shops, wholesale depots or specialized shops can act in their role. It will not be superfluous to think about advertising and about your customers, who, as a rule, have an average income.