Zaitsev's method of learning to read instruction. Methods of early development of children. Nikolai Zaitsev's technique. When to start classes

The training system of the St. Petersburg teacher Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zaitsev gained great popularity. Zaitsev's teaching methodology is based on the idea that the warehouse is an elementary particle of speech.

A warehouse is a pair of a consonant with a vowel or a consonant with a hard or soft sign, or one letter. Zaitsev wrote these warehouses on the faces of his famous cubes.

When the child begins to speak, he does not pronounce the letters separately, he says "ma", "pa", "ba". This method is used on cubes. Learning on Zaitsev's cubes takes place in the game, children sing syllables, clap them, jump and run. In the same way, effortlessly, kids get acquainted with mathematics. Zaitsev developed special tables according to which children perform arithmetic operations.

Learning according to the Zaitsev method is not only tables of syllables and arithmetic operations, but also toys that make different sounds, musical instruments, cubes with split pictures, puzzles, building kits, etc. In addition, the learning environment created in kindergarten or at school should be maintained at home. Tables should be hung around the apartment, any household activity should be accompanied by certain methodological instructions, and much depends on the spirit that reigns in the family.

Zaitsev's cubes differ in 46 features. Big and small, "iron", "wooden" and "gold". Cubes weigh and sound differently.

"Golden" cubes - ring, "iron" - rattle, "wooden" muffled tapping.
Sounds help children to feel the difference between vowels and consonants, voiced and soft.

Learning is helped by singing blocks and chains of warehouses to several melodies. The size of the letters and signs in Zaitsev's tables and on Zaitsev's cubes is sufficient to be perceived by a child without any tension from a distance of several meters.

The counting technique, based on Zaitsev's tables, is offered to children from the age of three. A four-color ribbon with numbers from 0 to 99 in numbers and in the form of grouped objects - circles and squares. Even three-year-old children after a very short time are able to find any ordered number on the tape. Even and odd differ in color, and the composition of the number is clear to each: the number of tens, units.
Split cards represent a number in relation to a hundred (for example, 54 filled squares in a matrix of 10 * 10 cells and 46 unfilled ones).

Children 4-5 years old easily switch to addition and subtraction within a hundred, first-graders do this after a few lessons, avoiding many months of familiarity with numbers and sitting in the top ten for a hundred hours.

The transition from a numerical tape to table 1 helps to speed up addition and subtraction operations within a hundred, bring them to automatism and move on to mental calculations earlier than the deadlines provided for by traditional programs.

Six cubes and table 2 will help children learn to write and read three-digit numbers, create figurative ideas about their composition - the number of hundreds, tens, units.

Table 3 will introduce students to the notation and name of multi-digit numbers.
Zaitsev's benefits will be interesting and useful to all children. Classes with "Zaitsev's Cubes" are based on the game and children learn while enjoying the lessons.

"Skladushki" Voskobovich.

The game-allowance "Skladushki" is intended for teaching children early (from 3-4 years old) reading in the warehouse system. The warehouse system of teaching children early reading is now widespread. In addition to the fact that warehouses in this system, children initially learn to pronounce the way they sound in words, the warehouses themselves are located in a strictly defined way. This game is a popular system of teaching reading to young children, reworked by V. Voskobovich, by the famous St. Petersburg teacher N. Zaitsev.

When choosing an early method for the development of a baby, parents pay special attention to systems that allow them to teach children to read without any problems. According to reviews, today the Zaitsev program is considered the most popular.

Zaitsev's method of teaching reading

Talented Russian teacher N.A. Zaitsev in his teaching methodology insists:

• On the need to use the warehouse system.
• It is not necessary to explain for a long time - show the child.
• To teach to read without problems and coercion is possible only with the help of games.
• When working with 2-year-old babies, cubes are used. Warehouses and individual letters are applied on the sides of the manual.
• The teacher constantly pronounces the demonstrated material.
• Zaitsev noted that children perfectly memorize syllables and easily compose words from them.
• To speed up the process of perceiving information, children should sing chains of syllables.
• Learning to read should be systematic. Step by step work, and regular lessons are considered optimal.
• The manual consists of tables, cubes and stock pictures.

To achieve the maximum effect when using the Zaitsev technique, it is necessary to create the right learning environment at home. It is advisable to purchase tables and dice for games in the family circle. At the same time, it is important to keep the didactic material in working order and keep order in the nursery.

Zaitsev's technology: reading

Let's take a look at what is a guide for step-by-step reading according to Zaitsev's method:

• Cubes (52 pcs.). They consist of 7 repeating syllables that children use to create the first simple words (MA MA, DYA DYA, PA PA and others). Products have different colors, weight and rigidity.
• Small cubes are soft warehouses - MJ, LJ and others.
• Large - solid MA, LA, BA and others.
• Iron-gold - warehouses with a soft sign.
• Iron-wood - with a solid sign.
• Iron - warehouse calls.
• Wooden - muted.
• Golden - vowels.
• For step-by-step lessons, tables, pictures and a playing field are used.
• The demonstrative material is placed at a distance of 160-170 cm from the floor, so that during the lesson the preschooler looks up and tries to keep his back straight.
• Optimally matched size of letters, allows you to see the material from a distance of 10 meters.

Before starting the lesson, carefully read the author's methodological recommendations and select a game. You can not exceed the time of classes - 20 minutes.

Learning process

The technique is based on the use of storage blocks in a fun game. The main examples of conducting classes:

• In the first lesson, just let the children play with the blocks.
• Tell us about the sound of "gold", "iron" and "wooden" products. Invite the children to arrange the cubes according to the sound.
• Divide the products by volume - put all the small ones on one table, and the large ones on the second. Explain that small syllables are soft like babies. And the big ones are hard, because they are stronger.
• Sing. At the lessons, singing is necessarily held, which, according to Zaitsev, allows you to quickly learn to read.
• Lesson algorithm. Cubes are sung, then warehouses from the table and the construction of words takes place.
• The demonstration of syllables in pictures, cubes and tables allows children to view warehouses from different angles, which makes them easier to remember.
• Do not be afraid that the baby will get confused. The learning technique allows you to quickly catch the pattern of the language.
• Turning the cube, the mentor clearly pronounces warehouses.
• Now let the kid work with the products.
• After studying the cubes by a preschooler, invite him to show products with a certain tune in the table.
• Take a pointer and start chanting warehouses on the table. The teacher is obliged to articulate and show that the sounds are small or large, rustling or sonorous. For clarity, you can squat or stand on your toes.

Reading according to Zaitsev's method will be effective only if the author's recommendations are strictly observed.

Results of using the methodology

According to the teachers who use the technology of Nikolai Aleksandrovich, the following statistics were compiled:

• Children at the age of three begin to read six months after the start of warehouse step-by-step training.
• At 4 years old, 16 lessons are enough.
• 5 years - from 5 to 10 lessons.
• 6 years - reading is mastered in 4-6 lessons.

The children, who from the age of three began to study according to this method, knew the program of the 5th grade of a comprehensive school by the first grade.

Buzzing reading according to Zaitsev's method

Parents and educators highlight the following advantages:

• The little man sees and hears warehouses, which helps to improve figurative memory.
• Little fun and interesting.
• Spelling errors are not allowed. The set does not contain CHA and ZhY.
• Children learn to read from the first lessons.
• The work involves vision, hearing and fine motor skills.
• The development of the speech apparatus.
• Understanding the differences between voiceless and voiced consonants quickly comes.
• In the classroom, the child is not nervous, because even from a distance of 2 meters he can find the required element.
• Lessons do not put pressure on the psyche.

Reading allows the harmonious development of the little man from an early age.

And the technique of Glenn Doman, and many others.

Today we will talk about the well-known method of developing a child by Nikolai Zaitsev. Zaitsev's methodology or learning to read is based on the use of special educational material, on certain principles of building work in the form of a game.

Who is Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev? Why did Zaitsev create his own methodology for teaching children to read? What are Zaitsev Cubes? What are the features of the Zaitsev technique, as well as its advantages and disadvantages? You will find out the answers to all these questions by reading the article “Zaitsev’s Method or Learning to Read”. And also in the article you will find a video about this technique from the founder himself - Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev.

Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev is a well-known innovative teacher from St. Petersburg. Born in 1939 in a family of rural teachers. As a fifth-year student at the Pedagogical Institute, Zaitsev went to Indonesia, where he was a translator, taught the Indonesian language and taught Russian to foreigners. This time laid the foundation for the innovative ideas of teaching reading by Nikolai Zaitsev.

Zaitsev is the creator of the famous cubes, thanks to which new opportunities have appeared in teaching children to read. Nikolai Zaitsev created his own method, by which children learn to read while playing.

Nikolay Zaitsev founded and manages the Center for Non-Standard Technologies in Education. Zaitsev created about 25 effective techniques. These methods (teaching children to read, Russian, mathematics; teaching adults and children a foreign language and Russian as a foreign language) are popular in many countries of Western Europe, America, the CIS, Russia.

Zaitsev's technique (learning to read) is based on learning to read with the help of warehouses (Zaitsev's cubes are used) in the form of a fun game, using songs and sing-alongs.

Why did Nikolai Zaitsev create his own method of teaching reading?

• often children, knowing the alphabet, cannot form letters into syllables and words. Since in the alphabet one picture is given for one letter. The child remembers both the letter and the picture. And later he needs to explain why the word “juice” was formed from the words-pictures “forty” - “glasses” - “goat”. Zaitsev came to the conclusion that in order to learn to read, it is not necessary to know the name of each letter separately.
• It is difficult for children to read in syllables. Indeed, sometimes there are syllables that are difficult to pronounce, for example, the word “splash”.

Warehouse - what is it?

Zaitsev came up with an alternative to letters and syllables - a warehouse.

The warehouse is the basis of the method of teaching children to read according to the Zaitsev method.

A warehouse can be called a pair of consonant and vowel letters, from a consonant and a hard or soft sign, from one letter. For example, A-I-S-T, IN-RO-NA.

What are Zaitsev Cubes?

Zaitsev's cubes are a developing material for learning new knowledge during the game using several information perception systems.

The set includes 52 dice, 7 of which are repeatable.

Cubes are divided according to several criteria:

• To size:

1. large (dice with hard syllables)
2. small (cubes with soft syllables),

• By content or sound:

1. gold (dices with vowels),
2. Iron (cubes with voiced warehouses),
3. Wooden (cubes with muted warehouses),
4. wood-gold (dice for warehouses with a soft sign)
5. iron-wood (cubes for warehouses with a solid sign),

• By the color of the written letters on the cubes:

1. vowels - blue;
2. consonants - blue;
3. hard and soft sign - green.

• Cubes single and double.
• White cube with punctuation marks on it.
• Cubes vary in weight.

Zaitsev wrote warehouses on the faces of the cubes. Since the cubes differ in color, size and sound or content, when playing with them, different channels of information perception are connected. Children can just feel the difference between the letters. The learning game with cubes is helped by singing syllables to several melodies.

I suggest you watch a video about the method of teaching reading from the author himself. So, Nikolai Zaitsev is on the air:

What are the distinguishing features Zaitsev's methods?

• learning through play
• learning-game takes place in an informal setting. There are no desks and silence, children can go to tables, cubes, search and choose.
• the principle of visual representation of the material is used. Studying with the help of Zaitsev's technique, the child uses hearing, sight and touch.
• the lesson lasts about 25 minutes, but you can play less, the main thing is that the child has interest and excitement. Classes should be held regularly.
• developing material is presented in one place in the form of tables and cubes, the principle is applied from the particular to the general, from the general to the particular
• teaching methods are universal. They are suitable for preschoolers, students and adults.

From this article, we learned about the features of Zaitsev's technique, about Zaitsev's cubes, and also considered the advantages and disadvantages of this technique.

Parents have to choose how, when, what and in what form to teach their child.

Do you use, have used or are going to use this method of child development? What is your experience and your impressions of the Zaitsev technique? Should children be taught to read before school?

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All parents want their children to become successful adults. And this largely depends on the quality of education. There are two ways to realize the goal: enroll the baby in an early development school and wait for the harvest in the fall, when he becomes a child prodigy, or start studying with your child on your own. The last option is the most preferred. Moreover, there are benefits that perfectly help to cope with the education of a child at an early age. We are talking about classes in cubes and other methods of Zaitsev.

The essence of Zaitsev's methods

For more than 20 years, the methods of the St. Petersburg innovative teacher Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev have been used in practice to teach children to read, write and count.

When to start practicing the technique

This is interesting. The saint, Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, a church writer and theologian, said: “Forcible teaching cannot be hard, but what enters with joy and fun sinks firmly into the souls of those who listen.”

You can work with children from the age of 2–3, but, of course, you should take into account the individual characteristics of the development of the baby, the main of which is curiosity, namely:

In each child, these manifestations become apparent at different ages, so parents should, so to speak, seize the moment.

Principles of training technique according to Zaitsev

Based on the methodology for children, N.A. Zaitsev took the psychological and pedagogical features of the development of preschool children and adapted the principles of their education to the basic aspects of the goals of education in general:

Thanks to the tables, the child can model and systematize certain learning situations. Visual aids act as an intermediary between the object and the subject of learning, helping to:

What results can be achieved

For classes, it is enough to allocate about 1 hour 2-3 times a week. And then in six months you will see:

Do not forget that the general orientation of the exercises of all methods contributes to the development of logical thinking, and a number of tasks - to the solution of speech therapy problems in a child.

Advantages and disadvantages of studying Zaitsev's methods

Of all the existing Zaitsev's methods, the manual on teaching reading is particularly hotly debated. This is due to the fact that, as a rule, with the lesson on Zaitsev's cubes, the methodology for teaching the baby begins. But let's try to highlight the advantages that apply to all benefits:

As for the methodological shortcomings of the manuals, they include the following:

Expert reviews

I believe that the use of models and tables in teaching the coherence of an utterance improved the composition of descriptive and narrative stories, developed the ability to use precise and figurative words ... When you write in cubes, it is convenient to highlight the shock warehouse.

Oksana Verigo, educator, kindergarten №21, Brest, Belarushttp://www.metodikinz.ru/post/?page=.gram.verigo

The problem of organizing a subject-spatial environment in groups was solved thanks to Zaitsev's unique manuals and games (tables, cubes, 240 pictures). All aids help the child develop, learn, play and, most importantly, MOVE.

Shchegolihina Tatyana Preschool №7, Bor, Nizhny Novgorod regionhttp://www.metodikinz.ru/post/?page=.gram.scheg

Who can teach Nikolai Zaitsev's system?

Practical parents will certainly be interested in how durable the allowance is. Well, with proper use of this educational toy, more than one generation of children can grow up.

Conditions for home practice

For work according to Zaitsev's methods to be successful, lessons must be conducted in certain conditions. First of all, you need to follow the principle of visibility: tables with letters, numbers, warehouses should be hung throughout the house so that the baby has a "presence effect" wherever he is. One significant nuance: if your toddler is not tall, then it makes sense to hang the tables in the corners of the rooms, folding them in half, so that it is convenient for a small student to reach the desired warehouse or number.

What are sets

Reading set

A set for learning to read using the Zaitsev technique includes the cubes themselves. They are available in 5 colors:

Voiced and deaf warehouses, in addition to different colors, have a different sound: gray - “iron”, and “brown” - wooden. Thus, the manual affects the visual and auditory perception of the child. In addition to the cubes, the set includes:

Set "Calligraphy"

For learning calligraphy, the composition of the kit is as follows:

math set

Set "English"

The manual for learning English includes:

Set "Russian language"

These are 45 cards that systematize the rules for writing words in Russian, which are presented in the form of tables. The manual includes two performance formats in one set: A4 for individual work and A2 for clarity when working with a group of children or to create a “presence effect” at home.

General Development Pack

This manual is called "Every hunter wants to know where the pheasant sits." With it, the child learns to count from 1 to 12, distinguish between 12 colors and learns elementary reading skills in warehouses. As an educational material, Zaitsev offers cubes, on the faces of which the concepts being studied are applied.

How to make Zaitsev's cubes and do-it-yourself tables

One of the disadvantages of the allowance, as noted above, is the rather high cost. But if you close your attention to the ethical moment, that is, the observance of copyright, then such cubes, as well as tables for them, can be made independently. For the manufacture of equilateral geometric figures of the manual, you can use:

By the way, it is better to make the size of the cubes standard (50 mm by 50 mm and 60 mm by 60 mm), because otherwise you will have to adjust the tables to the “non-format”, which will require a lot of time and accurate calculations.

After the cubes are ready, they need to be pasted over:

Or paint with acrylic paint. Note that it is better not to use gouache, as it smears the hands. After that, the image of a letter, warehouse or punctuation mark is applied to the cubes in the size in which they are presented in the original set (see layout).

Tables are printed on normal 80 gauge printer paper of the appropriate size.

Application of the technique in action

The best way to understand the essence of N.A. Zaitsev’s methods is, of course, by disassembling with your own hands and examining the set of manuals with your own eyes. But even in theory, some points become obvious.

Scheme of working with the "Reading" set: step by step instructions

After you have become the happy owner of the Reading set, you need to consistently build a system for working with it. Here is a step by step guide.

Games for preschoolers

The optimal age for learning to read, as mentioned above, is 2-3 years. However, N.A. Zaitsev claims that nothing prevents parents from dealing with children earlier:

And at any stage of training, we do not forget about singing. Warehouses can be sung in parallel with work on the table or in the process of other tasks with cubes.

Video: learning to read using the Zaitsev method

How to teach mathematics: the "Hundred Count" technique

It is necessary to start learning the basics of mathematics with the development of the account. For this, the method "Hundred Account" is used. These are cards with numbers up to 100, consisting of 2 rows of 5 columns, where the number is a filled cell. To study tens, you need 2 cards, on which the filled cells are the number of ten and units: on the left - tens, on the right - units. Mathematics tables are hung at eye level of a small student, and after learning new numbers, the "bank" of tables is replenished, forming a "train" showing the order of numbers and their composition. After studying the first ten N.A. Zaitsev suggests moving on to the simplest arithmetic operations, when the kid needs to simply move to the right or left in the table to add or subtract to get an answer.

Video: teaching mathematics using the Zaitsev method

How to teach Russian

This manual involves the development of reading skills, but with mnemonic memorization of the rules of the Russian language. Accordingly, the development of the manual assumes that your child already reads well and already goes to school. So, the tables group the rules for writing prefixes (for example, what the word begins with - deaf-voiced - this is where the prefix ends), reading rules (for example, hard or soft hissing at the end of a word or in the middle), different variants of adjective declension, difficulties in writing case endings of nouns, etc. In this way, children quickly learn the sometimes incomprehensible rules of the Russian language and remember the nuances of spelling.

Video: how to use the "Russian for All" manual with preschoolers

English language training

As for teaching a foreign language according to the Zaitsev method, the reviews about this approach are very mixed. The fact is that the author suggests memorizing sentence construction patterns, and this does not make it possible to implement thought processes through speech. In other words, children remember specific words, specific sentences, not language patterns. This is primarily due to the lack of application of the acquired skills in unprepared situational speech. Meanwhile, classes, as in the previous methods, are held in a playful way and are suitable for children from 3-4 years old. The work consists in getting acquainted with foreign words presented on the faces of the cubes, and then compiling sentences from them using sample data in tables. Toddlers compile declarative and interrogative sentences of different types (special questions, general and alternative).

Video: compose sentences in English with Zaitsev's cubes

Zaitsev's technique is based on a natural form of learning for kids... The child likes to learn and he shows successful results...

When to start learning to read? Early development methods recommend starting educational work with children almost from the cradle. This approach makes sense, because the baby's brain is actively growing and it is simply necessary to load it with information.

Alternative learning method:

In addition, today's requirements for elementary education are so high that a child must come to the first grade, being able to read fluently, write letters and simple words, having an idea of ​​counting within ten. Preparation for school should be carried out in a preschool educational institution, but one year before school, fluent reading is unlikely to succeed.

That is why many parents begin to deal with the kids on their own from a very early age. How is it right and easy? One of the best solutions offers Nikolai Zaitsev's method, which has long established itself as the most effective.

Principles of the Zaitsev Method

Zaitsev's system is based on general pedagogical didactic principles of teaching:

• systems approach;
• taking into account the physiology of the baby, the speed of the flow of thought processes;
• visualization of training;
• stimulation of analytical mental activity by the method "from particular to general".

The idea of ​​an innovative approach is to abandon the traditional teaching of reading by dividing the word into individual letters. This is much more physiological for a baby who speaks not in letters, but in indivisible speech units - syllables.

The second important point is that the technique is based on the natural form of learning the world and processing information for kids - the game. Game cubes arouse sincere interest in the child and allow you to perfectly organize information. They differ in size, color and even content, that is, they involve different ways of perceiving information.

Zaitsev's development methodology is not limited to cubes: systematized tables, sound chants, and interesting games have been developed. However, it is the method of learning with the help of Zaitsev's cubes that is considered the secret of efficiency. The student is not limited in movement: in the classroom you can stand, sit, crawl, lie down. The child does not get tired during half-hour classes, which means that his interest is not lost.

Sound warehouses and game material

The creator of the technique replaced the traditional syllable with a combination of a vowel and a consonant letter, a consonant with a soft sign. This is the warehouse - a new speech unit, understandable to the baby. Each side of the cube contains a separate warehouse, so making a word is not difficult.

The process is so simple that a four-year-old can be well taught to read in two weeks. He's just playing with dice while assimilating information. This is the secret of the effectiveness of the technique.

There are no age restrictions on learning according to the Zaitsev system: you can study with six-month-old babies, with three-year-olds and with preschoolers, even first-graders. Learning can be adapted to any age. The youngest students, after a few months of classes, begin to speak and read at the same time. A four-year-old child reads quite freely after the fifth lesson.

Color is an important learning component. Cubes are painted in different colors. Color differentiation allows a child to quickly and easily master such complex school knowledge as the pairing of consonants in voicing-softness, as well as to understand the difference between a consonant and a vowel.

For very young children, a sound system was invented. Different filling of the cubes allows you to connect the auditory perception of information.

Thematic material:

Mathematics and English

Zaitsev's method for children is not limited to teaching reading skills. Separate programs for teaching mathematics and learning English have been developed. The mathematical version of the technique is called “Hundred Count”, it allows you to see a set of numerical values ​​\u200b\u200bfrom zero to 99. The kid immediately gets a complete picture of the composition of any number within the first hundred, easily solves addition and subtraction examples.

Didactic material is represented by special cards, a numerical column and a numerical tape, which is very easy to work with.

The visualization of learning, practical actions with numbers, the game form of classes allow you to master the basics of arithmetic easily and without coercion, develop mathematical thinking, and increase your intellectual level.

Learning English is one of the directions of the methodology. Multi-colored cubes carry complete information about the morphology, syntax of the English sentence, allow you to easily and correctly build a statement in a foreign language. A system of tables has been developed that fully describes English grammar. The visibility and systematization of educational material make it possible to use the system for teaching children and adults.

The advantages of the Zaitsev system are obvious. Sometimes parents fear that the child may experience difficulties at school, because phonetic principles are at odds with the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe "Zaitsev warehouse". However, a smart kid will easily master the school material.