Anger. Learn to dominate yourself. External manifestations of anger Anger definition in psychology

An experience of anger

Anger, or anger, is perhaps the most dangerous emotion. When you are angry, you are most likely intentionally hurting other people. If you have someone experiencing anger and you know its reasons, then the aggressive behavior of this person will become clear to you, even if you condemn him for his inability to control his emotions. On the contrary, a person who makes unprovoked attacks on other people and does not feel anger at the same time will seem strange or even abnormal to you. Part of the experience of anger is the risk of losing control. When a person says that he was angry, this, apparently, can explain his regrets about what he did: “I know I shouldn’t have said this to him (to stab him), but I was beside myself - I just lost my head!” Children are specifically taught that when they are angry, they should not physically harm anyone. Children may also be taught to control any visible manifestations of anger. Boys and girls are usually told different things about anger: girls are taught to control their anger, and boys are encouraged to show it to those peers who provoke them to it. Adults are often characterized by how they deal with their anger: "restrained", "hot", "explosive", "fiery", "cold-blooded", etc.
Anger can arise for various reasons. The first reason is frustration (nervous exhaustion), caused by numerous obstacles and obstacles and hindering progress towards the goal. Frustration can be specific to the task you are solving, or it can be more general in nature, determined by your lifestyle. Your anger is more likely to arise and will be stronger if you believe that the person who interfered with you acted arbitrarily, unfairly, or simply to spite you. If a person deliberately wants to make you frustrated or drives you to complete nervous exhaustion simply because he cannot understand how his actions can affect your performance, then you are more likely to experience anger than if you believe that he simply has no other choice. But the obstacle that causes frustration is not necessarily a person. You may become angry at the object or natural phenomenon that caused your frustration, although you may feel that your anger is less justified.
Most likely, your actions in a state of anger caused by frustration will be aimed at removing the obstacle through a physical or verbal attack. Of course, frustration may be stronger than you, and then your protest efforts will be meaningless. However, anger can still persist and you will direct it at the person - you can curse, hit, etc. Or you can show your anger by cursing and scolding this person when he is too far away from you. to punish you for such behavior. You can express your anger symbolically by attacking something you associate with, or directing your anger towards a safer or more convenient target - the so-called scapegoat.
The second reason for anger is a physical threat. If the person physically threatening you is weak and incapable of harming you, then you are more likely to experience contempt than anger. If the person physically threatening you is clearly stronger than you, then you are more likely to experience fear than anger. Even if your strengths are approximately equal, you can experience both anger and fear at the same time. Your actions in situations where your anger is caused by the threat of physical harm to you may be to attack the enemy, verbally warn or intimidate, or simply run away. Even in the case of running away, when you seem to feel fear, you may still feel anger.
The third reason for anger may be someone's actions or statements that make you feel that you are being harmed morally, rather than physically. An insult, rejection, or any action that shows disrespect for your feelings can make you angry. At the same time, the stronger you are mentally attached to a person who causes moral damage to you, the more you experience pain and anger from his actions. An insult from someone you have little respect for, or a rejection from someone you never considered a friend or lover can, in the extreme, evoke contempt or surprise. On the contrary, if you are offended by a person you cared about a lot, then you may feel sorrow or sadness at the same time as anger. In some situations, you may love the person causing you suffering so much, or be unable to be angry with him (or any person in general), that you will begin to look for rational reasons for his actions that are painful for you in your own actions, and then, instead of anger, experience a feeling guilt. In other words, you are angry with yourself, not with the person who hurt you. Again, as with frustration, if the person making you suffer does so intentionally, you are more likely to experience anger than if they acted unintentionally or in a state of loss of self-control.
The fourth reason for anger may be watching a person do something that goes against your core moral values. If you find one person's treatment of another immoral, you may experience anger even if you are not directly involved in the situation. A good example is the anger you may feel when you see an adult punishing a child in a way that is unacceptable from your point of view. If you adhere to other moral values, then the attitude of an adult towards the actions of a child, which seems too condescending to you, can also make you angry. The victim does not need to be as helpless as the child for you to become angry. A husband who leaves his wife, or a wife who leaves her husband, can make you angry if you think that spouses should stay together "until death do them part." Even if you are a wealthy person, you may angrily condemn the economic exploitation of certain groups of the population that exists in your society or the system of providing numerous benefits to government officials. Moral anger is often based on self-righteousness, although we tend to use the term only when we disagree with the moral values ​​of the person who caused our anger. Anger at the suffering of others, provoked by the violation of our moral values, is a very important motive for social or political action. Such anger, combined with other factors, can give rise to attempts to remake society through social reform, political assassinations, or terrorism.
The next two anger-producing events are related, but probably less important than those discussed above. A person's inability to live up to your expectations can make you angry. It doesn't harm you directly; in fact, this inability may not have a direct bearing on you. A clear illustration of this situation is the reaction of parents to the success of the child. The impatience and annoyance associated with a person's inability to follow your instructions or otherwise meet your expectations is not necessarily related to the pain caused by this inability - it is the person's inability to meet expectations that causes anger.
Another reason for your anger may be another person's anger directed at you. Some people tend to respond with anger to anger. Such reciprocity can manifest itself especially in cases where there is no obvious reason for the other person's anger at you, or if his anger, in your opinion, turns out to be unjustified. Anger directed at you, which, from your point of view, is not as fair as it is from the point of view of another person, can cause you to react with strong anger.
We have listed only a few causes of anger. Depending on a person's life experience, his anger can have a variety of origins.
The experience of anger very often involves certain sensations. In his work on the physiology of anger, Darwin quoted Shakespeare: Blood pressure rises, the face may turn red, and the veins in the forehead and neck become more prominent. The respiratory rate changes, the body straightens, the muscles tense up, and there may be a slight forward movement in the direction of the offender.
In the event of a strong attack of anger or rage, it is difficult for a person to remain still - the impulse to strike can be very strong. While attacking or fighting may be typical elements of an anger response, they are by no means mandatory. An angry person can only use words; he may shout loudly, or he may be more restrained and only say some nasty things, or even show even more self-control and not betray his anger either in words or in his voice. Some people habitually direct their anger inward and limit themselves to joking at the person who provoked the anger or at their own. Theories about the causes of such psychosomatic disorders claim that some diseases of the body occur in people who cannot express their anger, who make victims of anger themselves instead of directing anger at the one who provoked it. Psychologists are now paying a lot of attention to people who are supposed to be unable to express anger, and various therapeutic and quasi-therapeutic medical firms are specifically teaching people how to express their anger and how to respond to the anger of others.
Anger varies in strength - from mild irritation or annoyance to rage or rage. Anger can build up gradually, starting with irritation and then slowly build up, or it can come on suddenly and come out with maximum force. People differ not only in what makes them angry or what they do when angry, but also in how quickly they get angry. Some people have "short fuses" and instantly burst into fits of anger, often bypassing the stage of irritation, regardless of what the provoking event was. Others may only experience irritation: whatever the provocation, they never fall into real anger, at least in their own estimation. People also differ in how long they experience anger after the provoking stimulus has disappeared. Some stop feeling angry quickly, while others, due to their nature, the feeling of anger persists for quite a long time. It may take such people several hours to calm down, especially if the thing that caused their anger disappeared before they had a chance to demonstrate their anger in full force.
Anger can manifest itself in combination with other emotions. We have already discussed situations in which a person may experience anger and fear, anger and sadness, or anger and disgust.
Some people take great pleasure in those moments when they are angry. They enjoy the atmosphere of conflict. The exchange of unfriendly gestures and words not only excites them, but is also a source of satisfaction. People may even enjoy exchanging blows in an ensuing fight. Intimate relationships can be established or restored between two people through an intense exchange of angry attacks against each other. Some couples, after violent quarrels or even fights, immediately enter into an intimate relationship. Some forms of sexual arousal may occur at the same time as anger; however, it is not known whether this is normal or only characteristic of people with sadistic tendencies. Undoubtedly, many people experience a positive sense of relief from anger, as long as the anger stops after the obstacle or threat is removed. But this is not at all the same as enjoying the experience of anger as such.
The enjoyment of anger is far from the only affective model for this emotion. Many people feel dissatisfied with themselves if they get angry. Never get angry - this can be an important rule of their life philosophy or work style. People may be afraid to feel anger, but if they do feel or show it, they become sad, ashamed, or dissatisfied with themselves. Such people are usually concerned about the possibility of losing control of the impulses that make them attack other people. Their concerns may be justified, or they may exaggerate the harm they can or could cause.

Although characteristic changes occur in each of the three areas of the face during the manifestation of anger, but if these changes do not occur simultaneously in all three areas, then it remains unclear whether a person really experiences anger. The eyebrows are lowered and drawn together, the eyelids are tense, the eyes stare intently. The lips are either tightly compressed or unclenched, giving the mouth slit a rectangular shape.

Brows

Picture 1


Eyebrows lowered and drawn together. On fig. 1 shows angry eyebrows on the left and frightened eyebrows on the right. Both angry and frightened eyebrows have their inner corners shifted towards each other. But when a person is angry, his eyebrows are lowered, and when he is afraid, his eyebrows are raised. In the case of anger, the eyebrow line may become kinked at an upward angle or simply fall down without any kink. Pulling together the inner corners of the eyebrows usually results in vertical wrinkles between the eyebrows (1). In anger, no horizontal wrinkles appear on the forehead, and if some grooves nevertheless become noticeable there, then they are formed by permanent wrinkles (2).
In an angry person, lowered and drawn together eyebrows are usually complemented by angry eyes and an angry mouth, but sometimes angry eyebrows can appear on a neutral face. When this happens, the face may or may not express anger. On fig. 2 both John and Patricia have angry eyebrows on a neutral face (left), a neutral face (center), and for comparison fearful eyebrows on a neutral face (right). Although the face in the photo on the right expresses concern or fear (as mentioned on the surprise page), the face in the photo on the left - with eyebrows pulled together and lowered - can have any of the following expressions:

• The person is angry, but tries to control or eliminate any manifestations of anger.
• The person is slightly irritated or his anger is in the initial stages.
• The person is in a serious mood.
• A person concentrates on something.
• If this is a short-term change in which the angry eyebrows appear for just a moment and then return to a neutral position, then this may be another colloquial "punctuation mark" that emphasizes a certain word or phrase.

Eyes - eyelids

Figure 3


In anger, the eyelids are tense, and the eyes stare hard and hard. On fig. 3 Patricia and John show two types of angry eyes, less wide open in the left photographs and wider in the right. In all four shots, the lower eyelids are tensed, but they are raised higher in one of the angry eye shots (A) than in the other (B). In another shot of angry eyes, the upper eyelids look drooping. Angry eyes - the eyelids shown in fig. 3 cannot appear without the help of eyebrows, because lowered eyebrows reduce the degree of opening of the upper part of the eyes, causing the upper eyelids to droop. The lower eyelids may be tensed and raised, and a hard, staring gaze may occur on its own, but its meaning will be unclear. Maybe the person is experiencing mild anger? Or does he control the manifestation of anger? Does he have a worried look? Is he focused, focused, serious? Even when the eyebrows-forehead and eyes-eyelids (two regions of the face, as shown in Fig. 3) are involved, there is still uncertainty about the meanings of facial expressions. They can be any of the ones listed above.

Mouth

Figure 4


There are two main types of angry mouth. On fig. 4 Patricia shows a closed mouth with closed lips (top) and a slightly open rectangular mouth (bottom). A mouth with lips tightly closed to each other appears with two completely different types of anger. First, when a person in one form or another carries out physical violence by attacking another person. Secondly, when a person tries to control the verbal and auditory manifestations of his anger and tightens his lips, trying to keep himself from shouting out or saying words that are offensive to the offender. An angry person keeps his mouth open when he tries to express his anger with words or shouts.
Usually such angry mouths appear on the face along with angry eyes and eyebrows, but they can also appear on a neutral face. However, the meaning of such a message will be ambiguous, as in the case when anger is expressed only by eyebrows or only by eyelids. If anger is expressed only through the mouth, then pursed lips can mean mild anger, controlled anger, physical exertion (as when lifting a heavy object), or concentration. The open, rectangular mouth is also ambiguous if the rest of the face is neutral, as it can appear with non-anger exclamations (such as shouts of approval during a football game) or some speech sounds.

Two areas of the face

Figure 5


On fig. 3 we showed that if anger is manifested only in two areas of the face, eyebrows and eyelids, then the meaning of the message is ambiguous. The same is true for the case when anger is expressed only through the mouth and eyelids. On fig. Figure 5 shows composite photographs of Patricia in which anger is expressed only in the lower face and lower eyelids, and the eyebrows and forehead are taken from a neutral face. The meaning of these facial expressions can be any of the ones we have discussed above. The signals of a person expressing anger remain ambiguous if anger is not expressed in all three areas of the face. The expression of anger on the face differs in this respect from the expressions of emotion with which we have already met. Surprise or fear can be unambiguously expressed by eyebrows - eyes or eyes - mouth. Disgust can be unambiguously expressed by the mouth - the eyes. On the pages on sadness and joy, you will see that these emotions can also be uniquely expressed using just two areas of the face. And only in the case of anger, if the signals are given by only two areas of the face, there is an ambiguity of expression. Ambiguity when expressing anger using two areas of the face can be reduced by tone of voice, body position, hand movements or spoken words, and by understanding the context in which a particular expression occurs. If you saw a facial expression like in fig. 5 or fig. 3 and Patricia would deny that she was annoyed by clenching her fists, or if you were shown this expression immediately after you told her the news that you assumed she might not like, then you are probably right would appreciate her anger. Some people may have a tendency to express anger predominantly in one or another part of the face when they are able to control this emotion. When this is the case, people who know such a person well - family members or close friends - can correctly recognize facial expressions such as those shown in Fig. 3 or fig. 5. And although this expression will remain ambiguous for most people, it will be understandable to his relatives. Figure 6


The ambiguity of anger in only two areas of the face can be illustrated with another set of photographs showing slightly different expressions of anger in the eyelids. On fig. 6A, the eyes seem to bulge outward, and the lower eyelids of the eyes are tense, but not as much as in fig. 3. If this occurs with lowered eyebrows and a neutral mouth, as shown in fig. 6A, the message will be ambiguous. Patricia can express controlled anger, mild anger, strong intent or determination. If a slight tension is added to the lower part of the face, then the expression loses its ambiguity. On fig. 6B shows the same eyebrows and eyes as in fig. 6A, but the upper lip and corners of the mouth are slightly tense, the lower lip protrudes slightly forward, and the nostrils are slightly dilated. Figure 6B illustrates well that there may not be clear signs of anger in all three areas of the face. Eyebrows - forehead in fig. 6B show only a particular symptom of anger. The brows are lowered, but not drawn together, and we have just described how weakly tense the elements of the lower region of the face are. All these particular symptoms, appearing on the eyebrows - forehead and in the lower part of the face, complemented by tense lower eyelids and bulging eyes, are enough to identify anger.

Expressions of anger all over the face

Figure 7


On fig. 7 Patricia shows two types of eyes expressing anger - an eyelid with two types of an angry mouth. Comparing the top shots with the bottom shots, we see identical eyes - eyelids and different mouths. Comparing the left and right photos, we see the same mouth, but different eyes.
As we have already explained, one or another type of angry mouth is observed in a person depending on what he does. The closed-mouthed display of anger, as shown in the above pictures, can occur when the person is physically violent or if they are trying to suppress the urge to scream. The bottom shots show anger accompanied by screams and a flood of words. The wider angry eyes in the right shots make their messages a little more expressive.

Anger Intensity

The intensity of anger can be reflected in the degree of tightness of the eyelids or in how much the person's eyes are bulging. It can also manifest itself in how tightly the lips are closed. On fig. 7 the lips are compressed quite strongly, we see swelling under the lower lip and wrinkles on the chin. With milder anger, the lips do not tighten as much, and the bulge under the lower lip and wrinkles on the chin become less noticeable or not visible at all. Such an expression of anger is shown in Fig. 6b. An open mouth is also an indicator of the intensity of anger. Less intense anger may also be reflected in only one part of the face or only in two parts, as shown in Fig. 3 or fig. 5. But, as we said, it will still be unclear here whether the person is feeling mild anger, whether he is angry enough, but controls the expression of anger on his face, or whether he is not angry at all, but simply focused, determined or confused .

Showing anger with other emotions

The mixed expressions shown in the previous chapters were created by the fusion of two emotions reflected in different areas of the face. Even limited in its manifestation to only one part of the face, each such emotion was transmitted in a complex message sent to the observer. But if it is about anger and the expression of anger does not appear in all three areas of the face, then the message being conveyed becomes ambiguous. As a result, in mixed forms of anger expression, when one or two areas of the face reflect another emotion, the message of anger is usually dominated by the other emotion (another consequence of this is that anger is easily masked: in order to reduce the unambiguity of expression, it is enough to control or hide only one area of ​​the face) - We will give several examples of mixed emotions in which the message of experiencing anger is almost invisible. But there are two exceptions where anger messages remain highly visible. First, in the case of a combination of disgust and anger, the part of the message that conveys anger is retained. This may be because the combination of disgust and anger occurs quite often, or because there is a similarity in facial expressions and similarity in the situational contexts of the two emotions. Secondly, the mixture of anger and disgust can be created in another way. Creating such a combination does not necessarily require different areas of the face to display different emotions. This can occur when the manifestations of two emotions are mixed in each of the areas of the face. Since the message of anger appears in all three areas of the face when such a combination is created, it is in no way obscured or suppressed by another emotion. This combination of emotions is shown in Fig. 8. Figure 8


Most often, anger is complemented by disgust. On fig. 8C Patricia displays anger with disgust, with both emotions blending in each area of ​​the face. It seems that she wants to exclaim: "How dare you show me such a disgusting thing!" This figure also shows expressions of anger (8A) and disgust (8B) for comparison. Look closely at the mouth in fig. 8C. We see closed lips - as in the manifestation of anger, and a raised upper lip - as in the manifestation of disgust. Patricia's nose is wrinkled, indicating disgust. The lower eyelids are slightly tense, as in the expression of anger, but the bags and folds under the eyelids characteristic of the expression of disgust are created by wrinkling the nose and lifting the cheeks. The upper eyelids are lowered and tense - this change occurs either with anger or disgust. But lowered eyebrows are intermediate between an expression of anger and an expression of fear - they are only partially brought together. Figure 9


On fig. 9 John shows two other mixed expressions of anger and disgust. They appear in their pure form in different areas of the face, and not due to the manifestation in each of the areas. On fig. 9A anger express eyebrows and eyes, and the mouth - disgust. On fig. 9B John shows a combination of contempt and disgust: disgust expresses the mouth, and anger expresses the eyes and eyebrows.
Figure 10
You can be both surprised and angry at the same time. Suppose that John was already surprised by something, and then some other unexpected event occurred that provoked anger. On fig. 10 John shows anger and surprise, with surprise expressing his mouth and anger expressing his eyebrows and eyes. Note, however, that the element of surprise dominates the message. We're not sure if John is angry. This facial expression could also occur in the case of bewildered surprise (remember that lowered and drawn together eyebrows can also express bewilderment). Figure 11


Fear and anger can be triggered by a variety of triggers and threats, and these emotions are sometimes mixed for a while while the person is trying to cope with the situation. On fig. 11 we see two such expressions of anger and fear. On fig. 11B and fig. 11C fear expresses the mouth, and anger expresses the eyebrows and eyes. Again, pay attention to the fact that in the general expression of the face, anger does not play a dominant role and is much weaker than fear. In fact, these two facial expressions (11B and 11C) could occur in the complete absence of anger and be caused by fear and bewilderment, or just fear, on which the person concentrates all his attention. Patricia's face in fig. 11A is shown because it shows a combination of elements of fear and anger (frightened eyebrows and eyes, an angry mouth), but this is one of those faces that makes us doubt that they really express a mixture of these two emotions. It is more likely that this combination would have occurred if Patricia had been frightened and tried to hold back her screams by pursing her lips tightly to try to control her fear.
Anger can also be mixed with joy and sadness.

Summary

Anger manifests itself in each of the three areas of the face (Fig. 12).

Figure 12

• Eyebrows lowered and drawn together.
• Vertical wrinkles appear between the eyebrows.
• The lower eyelids are tense and may or may not be raised.
• The upper eyelids are tense and may or may not be drooping as a result of the drooping of the eyebrows.
• The eyes are fixed and may be slightly bulging outwards.
• The lips can be in two main states: tightly compressed, the corners of the lips are straight or down; or the lips may be parted (forming a rectangular mouth) and tense - as in a cry.
• The nostrils may be flared, but this sign is not characteristic only of anger and may appear when expressing sadness.
• There is ambiguity of expression if anger does not appear in all three areas of the face.

"Construction" of facial expressions

With these exercises, you will learn how to give angry faces ambiguous expressions.

1. Place part A on each of the faces in fig. 12. You will get the same face as in fig. 5, which can express anger or have any other meaning we have discussed.
2. Place part B on each of the faces in fig. 12. You will get an expression that you have not seen before - only the mouth expresses anger on such a face. It may be mild or controlled anger; this is how a face may look when muscles tense, concentrate, scream or pronounce some words.
3. Place part C on the faces of fig. 12. You will get the same face as in fig. 2. And again, the message he sends will be ambiguous: controlled or mild anger, concentration, determination, etc.
4. Place part D on the faces of fig. 12. You will get the same face as in fig. 3; it will also be ambiguous with the same choices listed in the previous paragraph.

Show photos

Read again the instructions for completing a similar task on the page of fear. You can now add disgust and anger faces and combinations of anger, disgust, fear and surprise. First, practice the following expressions of anger, disgust, and combinations of the two. When you learn to distinguish them without error, add expressions of fear and surprise to them. Practice until you get 100% correct answers.

ANGER
IRRITATION

AURA COLORS

- RED - anger.
- Bright red - wildness, extreme jealousy.
- Scarlet - irritability.
Ancient Chinese medicine associated liver disease with anger and irritability. Modern medicine claims that it is in this organ that anger, irritation, anger, hatred, and primitive feelings are localized.
"There is no fire greater than passion; there is no misfortune greater than hatred; there is no misfortune greater than the body; there is no happiness equal to tranquility in desires."

ANGER and ANGER

You're not angry with me, are you, don Juan? I asked when he returned. He seemed surprised.
- No. I never get angry with anyone. No man can do anything that deserves it. You get angry with people when you feel that their actions are important. I haven't felt anything like this in a long time..
K. Castaneda. Don Juan's teachings

Anger and anger are feelings of intense indignation and resentment. This is an extreme form of irritation. These emotions appear when the situation gets out of control. Everyone wants to control the situation - so he feels calmer. But this is not always possible. When this fails, then anger appears, which can turn into physical violence in order to change the situation.
There are many aphorisms about evil among the people:
Don't pay evil for evil.
- Good for us, evil for no one - this is the law for life.
- To live in evil - to walk around the world.
- An evil wife is a champion of sin.
- Evil does not believe that there are good people.
The Bible says about evil: "May the Lord reward him who does evil according to his wickedness."
Every person has experienced angry feelings in his life, and there is nothing wrong with that, because every emotion of a person performs positive functions for him. The main thing is to understand what these negative emotions are for and what goals they pursue, and then create new ways of behaving and channeling this energy into a healthier direction. Anger and anger perform the same positive function as irritation. And the consequences are the same, only much stronger.
If you do not express anger openly, but restrain it, then this is dangerous, since anger, not finding a way out, remains inside a person. This energy begins the destruction of the body and gradually transforms into a disease. But if you realize your anger, that is, openly express it by showing violence, then you will receive violence in your life; and not necessarily from the same person. Like attracts like.
If a person constantly suppresses such emotions as irritation, anger and anger, then the liver, joints, respiratory organs and other organs and systems of the body begin to suffer. Unexpressed feelings begin to accumulate in those organs that are responsible for their expression.

Example:
The liver with its bile is responsible for irascibility. Suppressed anger and irascibility first causes inflammation of the gallbladder and bile stasis, biliary dyskinesia, and over time these unexpressed bitter feelings are deposited in the form of stones. After all, there must be a material substratum of accumulated emotions. The joints are responsible for bringing these aggressive feelings into play. And this leads to their inflammation. As a result - rheumatism, bursitis, dislocations.
It turns out that expressing your anger is bad, and holding back is no better.
So what to do?
Some advise: if you have accumulated anger, anger and irritation, then start bashing pillows. The steam will come out and you will feel better. Others think it's better to openly declare to the person you're angry about how you feel about them. That is, take and yell at him. These are not the best ways to deal with anger.

At one training seminar, people were taught to openly express their anger: shout, get angry. They approached each other and said: "I'm angry with you because you are tra-ta-ta ..." or "I was offended by you because you are tram-pa-pam ...". They were told: "Let the feelings raging inside you break out." But this is good to do in a group where everyone knows about these rules and is ready to take on the wrath of another person. And when the members of this group went out "to people" and began to "express themselves" in this way, the people around them simply did not understand them, they were not going to take on someone else's wrath. People were not trained in the rules that the participants in the seminar learned. Indeed, in society there is an opinion that expressing anger openly is bad.
Such "self-expression" can eventually lead to loneliness.
Here is a more productive activity for working with anger than empty pillow dusting and yelling at loved ones.
As soon as you feel that an emotional explosion is close, start doing what you do not really like, but is necessary. For example, if you live in a rural area, you can start chopping wood or digging up a garden - both the realization of explosive energy and the economy is useful. Do it until you feel calm. Dig up your garden - help the neighbors. If you live in the city, then you can do apartment renovation, cleaning, beating carpets. Remade everything at home - help the neighbors.
If you are overweight, exercise and run. You will not only get rid of irritation, but also extra pounds, and without any diets and for free.
Of course, it is possible and more simply - to change your worldview. But whoever likes it. Someone prefers brute physical strength, while someone prefers the work of the mind. Both work. It is important not only to get rid of anger, but to transform it. To do this, it is important to realize the positive function that it performs for a person: to make the world around me meet my expectations. But it depends only on ourselves.
If I feel bad, then I chose this bad in myself.
Like attracts like - this is a cosmic law. If the fear of getting sick nests in me, then I will get sick. If I fear a thief, he will come. If I am afraid of being deceived, then I attract deceivers to me. If I have anger, envy, guilt, disappointment, pity, then I attract anger, envy, guilt, disappointment, pity.
Therefore, it is foolish not only to express your anger, but to produce it in general.
I use this golden rule: if I want to get something, then I must change my behavior and my thoughts until the person has a spontaneous desire to give it to me.
It's time to realize that those around you don't owe you anything! And if you want to get something from them, then change your behavior, use new ways every time.
Instead of wasting your precious energy on such negative emotions, it is better to align your conscious desires and subconscious intentions. And this can be done only after you take responsibility for your life, for your world.

ANGER

When we do not recognize our true power and allow others to have excessive power over us, we develop feelings of anger. But we do not like this feeling, and diligently suppress it. We hide it in some corner away - out of sight, out of mind, and it sits there until we begin to restore CONNECTION with our INNER strength. Here, the first thing we feel is accumulated anger.
Anger and anger are feelings of strong indignation and indignation, an extreme degree of irritation. They show up when things get out of hand. It inevitably happens from time to time, because control requires strength, and they are not eternal. Squeeze your fingers into a fist with all your might - will you last long? I assure you, after a while they will loosen themselves. Voltage - reset. Maybe stress-free? Try to believe that control can be let go. In fact, it is. It's just that we confuse control and management. We love this activity - to confuse ourselves in this way somehow ... What is the difference between control and management? Management is not stressful. Why? Because managing a situation means allowing it to develop naturally, perhaps even unexpectedly. Management is influence, willingness to follow the logic of life, to trust it. What is there to stress about? Nothing to stress about here. Well, that is, absolutely nothing. There is no way to control this. Control wants to force, subdue, keep "on a short leash." On this oh-hoo, how much effort is needed. Slowly you start to get stressed...
If we strain to control or constantly suppress the emotions of anger in ourselves, then nothing comforting is planned, unfortunately. And a bouquet of diseases is provided to us. The liver, joints, respiratory organs and other organs and systems of the body responsible for expressing anger begin to suffer. For example, the liver and gallbladder are responsible for temper tantrums (see Causes of Liver Disease). Suppressed anger and irascibility provoke inflammation of the gallbladder and stagnation of bile, and over time cause the deposition of stones. Our joints are responsible for bringing aggressive feelings into action. If anger is not expressed - inflammation, rheumatism, bursitis, dislocations.
Anger is a huge force. We would like it to be in a peaceful direction ... The path of thought allows us to realize what benefits we derive from living anger. Why do we need it at all, what is its positive role? What are we angry about? Why? For what? And what to do with it?
Let's start in order. We benefit greatly from living in anger. Firstly, we do not accumulate it in the body, which means we maintain health. Secondly, the ability to safely live anger makes it possible to manage it. And, playfully. Although it seems strange to talk about the “positive” role of anger, nevertheless, it exists. The most that neither is obvious - protective. Indeed, there are situations of danger in our lives when the power of our anger helps to stop offenders, to avoid violence.
When, what and why do we get angry? You know, with all the variety of versions and reasons, we will have to calm down on the fact that anger arises in us when someone or something does not meet our expectations. This is our, frankly, stupid reaction to what is happening. In general, if you think deeply, you will see that anger is an extremely stupid thing to do. And useless, no doubt. Of course, we are not gods, and we are far from holiness. But you still need to do something with this "stupidity" of yours.
To begin with, let's acknowledge that neither the world nor people are bound to live up to our ideas of how things "should be." Relax. Better think about the fact that everything develops in the most beneficial way for you. Try this golden rule: if you want to change how people treat you, start changing your behavior and your thoughts until it happens. Don't demand, don't threaten, don't intimidate. I hope you remember that no one owes you anything? Well, we don’t have the right to force people to give us what we want, what can you do ... But we have the right (and plenty of opportunities!) To change so much that they will gladly give it to us themselves. What's easier?

© Galina Muravyova - The attraction of love

IRRITATION

Each of the deeds should be performed in the mood of a warrior, don Juan explained.
“Otherwise, a person disfigures himself and becomes ugly. In a life that lacks the mood of a warrior, there is no strength. Look at you. Almost everything prevents you from living, offends and takes you out of a state of peace of mind. You whine and whine, complaining that everyone you meet makes you dance to your own tune. A torn leaf in the wind! There is no power in your life. What a disgusting feeling it must be!
K. Castaneda. Journey to Ixtlan

Irritation can be unexpressed anger, haunting because it requires an outlet.
Irritation occurs when something does not suit you: a mess in the house, dirty dishes, an unmade bed, scattered things, late guests, bad behavior of children, etc.
Each person has his own requirements for the world around him, and if something around does not meet these requirements, then irritation appears. If irritation is present in life for a long time, then this leads to the development of a certain range of diseases.
The most sensitive to any kind of irritation are the nerve cells, for that is why they are created to feel. Of all the nerve cells, the most sensitive are the brain cells. Of all the brains, in turn, the brain of the most intelligent person is most easily affected. Why? Because the excess information accumulated in the brain makes the brain more sensitive. With the advent of more and more new branches of knowledge in which a person can be very smart, the list of brain diseases is also growing, which is quite logical. Unnecessary knowledge is dangerous for the brain. This means that each type of knowledge takes its place in the brain, and the longer unrealized knowledge stays there, the more damaged the nerve cells of this area. Knowledge that waits, hopes, believes, dreams and yearns that someday it will be useful to someone, gives rise to professional cretinism, which can turn into natural cretinism.
The liver, skin, intestines, stomach, joints and other organs react to irritation.
Every person wants the world around him to meet his requirements and expectations. But here's the trick! We ourselves create the world in which we live. This means that what we see in our lives is what we expect to see. That is, the environment already corresponds to our expectations, subconscious expectations. And if something outside does not suit us, then it is foolish to get annoyed. It is necessary to turn inward, change certain thoughts, and then the world around will change.
There is a difference between conscious desires and subconscious intentions. It is important to learn to trust your subconscious mind. After all, our inner mind strives for balance, peace and tranquility. He strives to take that unique place in the Universe, which will be very harmonious for each of us..

The Law of the Universe: like attracts like and the outer reflects the inner.

The Zen parable of the empty boat.
Always search within!

Anger as an emotion is negatively perceived by people. A person in anger rarely controls himself, as in principle and with the manifestations of other feelings. However, anger makes a person act badly towards those he is offended by. The feeling in question has reasons for its appearance and methods of control. How to deal with anger is the main topic of this article.

Many people confuse anger with aggression. However, these concepts are different. The emotion that a person experiences is the same - there is indignation, indignation at what is happening. However, anger differs in the way it manifests itself.

Anger can be defined as the internal state of a person who is offended, dissatisfied with something, hates. Aggression is often associated with violence. If during anger a person tries to offend his offender, then during aggression he seeks to cause him physical or material harm.

In themselves, these emotions are similar, but there are differences. You can read all about aggression on the psychological help website psymedcare.com.

What is anger?

It is not difficult to recognize anger, as it often occurs in people who are unhappy with something. What is anger? This is a negative emotion, which is expressed in a flash of indignation and indignation at what is happening. Anger is a harbinger of aggression, when a person directly proceeds to commit negative acts.

We can say that anger is an emotion, and aggression is a violent action.

During anger, a person turns off his rational thinking, the rules of decency and morality. Instinctive mechanisms are turned on when a person directs destructive energy to the address of what caused his anger. In rare cases, a person controls himself, because often he believes that he is doing the right thing in a state of anger. He is not wrong, but other people should be punished for the offense they caused him.

Anger is an emotion of an aggressive nature, a direction towards an animate or inanimate object with the aim of destroying, suppressing or subjugating it. This negative emotion cannot last long. However, it completely covers the human consciousness, subordinating it to itself:

• The muscles of the face and body tense up.
• Fists and teeth are clenched.
• The face is on fire.
• The body tenses like a string.
• Everything is boiling inside.

At any moment, a person can explode, and the sensations that he experiences are like a “boiling kettle”, which is already whistling and ready to catch fire.

Anger is one way people communicate. Being dissatisfied with their own lives, people splash it out on everyone who just touches them with something. Naturally, the response will be the same anger or even more, since the feelings of other people are already hurt. It turns out a vicious circle, when some splash out anger because of their own discontent on those who respond with the same anger that causes discontent of the first.

Anger has become the norm of modern society. However, this does not change the fact that anger radiates negative energy and leads to various kinds of disorders. Despite the danger and undesirability of communicating through anger, people continue to express it at every opportunity. And in all this confusion, it is very important to skillfully use that feeling that usually destroys a person and his life. It is important to learn to understand the nature of anger and be able to manage it for your own good.

Reasons for anger

When you observe the angry behavior of another person, the natural question arises: “Why are you angry?”. What are the causes of anger that so covers a person that he stops reasoning, thinking and remaining calm?

Anger is classified as a negative emotion, because in the conditions of the modern world, this expression of feelings is unacceptable. However, anger is a natural, natural feeling that is aimed at the survival of a living entity. If a person did not get angry, then he could not protect himself, his property or relatives.

However, over time, social foundations have changed, rules and frameworks have been invented that now restrain people in their natural manifestations. Anger cannot be eradicated from a person, because it continues to preserve his life, integrity and rights. However, society does not accept the expression of anger, since it is often associated with the commission of bad deeds that infringe on the rights and freedoms of others.

Psychologists identify the main cause of anger - this is aggression that occurs on an external stimulus. Sometimes anger can be provoked by fear and other negative emotions. The body begins to produce a large amount of energy, the pulse quickens, the skin turns pale or red. All of these are natural manifestations of anger.

Anything can lead to a state of anger and anger:

• Getting a bad grade in school.
• Criticism of a loved one.
• Rejection of feelings and refusal to create love relationships.
• Salary delay.
• Dismissal.
• Aggressive attitude of others.
• Infringement of human freedom, etc.

People have a negative attitude to anger, because under its influence a person rarely controls his actions. And in a state of anger, you can only do bad things - harm or commit violence. In a cultural society, this behavior infringes on the rights and freedoms of others, so there is constant propaganda that anger should be controlled.

A common cause of anger is called frustration - when a person cannot achieve his goals due to external circumstances or interference caused by another individual. Frustration is failure, disappointment, lack of purpose. A person in this situation is angry at those people or circumstances that have become obstacles in achieving the desired.

Often, anger is directed towards removing these obstacles. It can be both verbal and physical.

Another reason for anger can be a situation where a person succumbs to moral pressure. This phenomenon is common in modern society. How else can you express your anger in a cultured society where any physical abuse is punished? Only words in the form of criticism and dissatisfaction. People have already learned how to skillfully operate with words and put pressure on others so that they have a natural feeling of anger when their freedom, rights and dignity are suppressed.

Attachment to the person who offends often plays an important role in the emergence of anger. If a loved one refuses, offends, shows disrespect for the feelings of a partner, then there is internal indignation, resentment, anger. The more expected of the other person, the stronger the anger becomes when expectations are not met.

Strong anger leads to nervous exhaustion. Therefore, first of all, one should learn to cope with anger by the person who experiences it.

Anger management

Modern society is arranged in such a way that respect, good nature, calmness, etc. are acceptable manifestations of people. Such a feeling as anger is one of those manifestations that should be suppressed. That is why there is an active development of methods for managing one's own anger.

Unfortunately, people still cannot manage anger, which is quite natural:

1. It is impossible to suppress what is given to man by nature. Fighting anger is like fighting your own appetite. Sooner or later, a person will not stand it and will break.
2. It is impossible to get rid of what subjugates a person. While the individual is in a state of anger, he completely surrenders to his own feelings.
3. You can't fight what feels right. No man will give up what feels right to him. Only at the end of the action of anger can he see the negative aspects of his actions.

Anger management is possible only when the person himself, in a state of anger, does not want to succumb to his own emotions and does not consider it right to commit bad deeds. In this case, you can use all the exercises that psychologists offer.

Negative emotion appears in a situation where it seems that something is wrong and should be corrected. At the stage of the initial appearance of emotion, a person faces an unconscious choice: to calm down and go into decline, or to succumb to anger and reach a state of rage. It is at this moment that anger can be controlled before it has consumed the person.

If the individual succumbs to his own anger, then he experiences and performs many actions:

• Nerves are compressed, there is a feeling of lack of air.
• There is a desire to fight, crush, break, jump, run, etc.
• There is a surge of discontent and indignation.
• The voice becomes hoarse and choked.

Society condemns precisely the actions that a person commits in a state of passion. After all, under the influence of anger, he commits destructive acts. That is why it is recommended to move away from an aggressive or angry person until he throws out all his emotions.

Anger is sometimes divided by gender:

• Male aggression is perceived as a manifestation of strength.
• Female aggression is considered a manifestation of weakness and irrationality.

Although we are talking about the same causes and manifestations of anger. Only in society is one sex allowed to manifest it, while the other is prohibited.

Anger quickly arises and just as quickly passes. Society's attitude towards him is based solely on the actions that a person performs in a state of anger. If they bring destruction and pain to others, then anger was bad. If a person has done a noble deed, then people praise him.

Anger manifests itself in all people. However, in order to control its expression, various manipulative slogans are invented. For example, it is believed that a person matures when he learns to manage anger. In other words, it is beneficial for society that people seek to restrain their natural emotion, which disturbs the peace of citizens.

How to deal with anger?

Should I learn to manage my anger? This question must be answered by each himself. It is worth noting only one advantage that a person receives when he learns to cope with anger - he can now control his actions in any situation.

To cope with anger, it is necessary to stop its development at any stage.

1. First, you can stop anger at the stage of the appearance of a situation that causes negative emotions. You can end a conversation with a person who is annoying. You can briefly leave the room where unpleasant events occur. As soon as you feel that you are starting to be aggressive, you should isolate yourself from the negative situation.
2. Secondly, you can stop anger at the stage when it either subsides or starts to rage. Tell yourself that you don't want to be angry, and start doing whatever you can to help you do that.

Additional techniques to eliminate anger can be:

• Listening to calm music.
• Restoration of breathing.
• Seclusion for the purpose of relaxation.
• Relaxation of all muscles of the body.
• Thinking about the situation in order to solve it, and not to find the guilty ones.
• Meditation.
• Mental movement to places where it is pleasant to be.
• Switching attention.

Train yourself to see in anger not a personal insult, but the natural aggressiveness and savagery of people. People are not trained to manage their anger, so they use it like little children who are just naughty because they didn’t like something.

If something annoys you, you should not accumulate it in yourself - say it in a non-rude and human way. Your task is not to swallow your own anger in order to be civilized outwardly. You must learn to get rid of the charge of negative energy through calm speaking.

How to make your anger noble?

1. Admit that you are angry.
2. Understand your anger. What are the reasons for its occurrence? What made you angry?
3. Use your anger to your advantage. Focus on solving the problem and use anger as a source of energy for further action.

Make your anger a helper that will accompany you until you solve the problem that has arisen. Indeed, in the whole situation, when something annoys you, the important thing is that there was just some kind of problem. And as long as you spend your energy and time expressing dissatisfaction with the other person, you are not solving the problem. You are trying to offend, blame, humiliate someone, but this has nothing to do with the situation that made you angry. It is better to direct your anger towards solving the problem, and not just offending the other person.

Outcome

Speaking about anger management, people often point out that it is necessary to suppress it. However, scientists say the opposite: the result of suppressed emotions can be psychosomatic diseases associated with the cardiovascular system. Heart attacks and strokes are often associated with unexpressed negative emotions.

At the same time, there is an opinion that anger cannot be expressed every time it appears. Because a person develops the habit of not holding back his emotions, but freely pouring them out on others. In turn, the aggressive person begins to enjoy the suffering of others, which in the future causes him to provoke or look for situations where he can again be aggressive.

What to do with your own emotions, in any case, it is up to each person to decide. However, it should be understood that the constant experience of negative emotions leads to serious diseases that can affect life expectancy.

Reading time: 3 min

Human anger is a negative emotional outburst, which is a harbinger of aggression. It is capable of literally bursting a person from the inside. Strong anger is often characterized by negative emotions with a flow of destructive energy, marked by a disabling of the ability to analyze actions. The sudden manifestation of such behavior in an individual causes bewilderment in the people around him, as well as anxiety in the person himself.

Anger is an emotion, often of an aggressive nature, directed towards something or someone with the aim of destroying, suppressing, subjugating (often inanimate objects). Often the reaction of this negative emotion is short-lived. During an emotional outburst in a person, the muscles of the face tense up; the body becomes like a stretched string; teeth and fists clenched, face begins to burn; there is a feeling that something inside is “boiling”, while there is no control over the mind.

Reasons for anger

Anger is a basic human emotion that was originally necessary for the individual to survive. However, due to the development of society, the need to express one's negative emotions gradually decreased, and humanity has not been able to completely get rid of anger. Unfortunately, in today's world, people still continue to create artificial troubles for themselves that encourage them to express this kind of dissatisfaction.

The cause of strong anger is often the one that accumulates due to various circumstances. Even an elementary trifle can often lead to this negative emotion, or, which can also be the cause of this emotion.

Anger refers to a state of both physiological and psychological. In principle, its manifestation is attributed to the normal reaction of the individual's psyche to an external stimulus. It is accompanied by increased heart rate, pallor or redness of the skin due to the production of a huge amount of energy by the body, which needs to be put somewhere.

There are no such people who never experience negative emotions and are always in a balanced state. Anything can throw you off balance: traffic jams, an unfair boss, childish pranks, bad weather, etc.

Anger management

Negative emotion occurs when a situation develops when something does not suit a person and there is a feeling that this can be dealt with.

Anger grows up to a certain point, after which there is either a decline to calm down, or a sharp upward jump, manifested in the form of fits of rage. There is such a stable expression - "choked with anger." This condition is characterized by nerve compression, shortness of breath. Negative emotional outbursts during this state are always marked by a desire for physical activity: to crush, fight, run, jump, clench hands into fists, break. At the moment of strong anger in a person, a bursting wave of indignation caused by an emotional outburst of discontent rises from the pelvis upwards, while reaching the chest. Such a condition will be characterized by a hoarse, choked voice, a feeling of constriction in the chest, coughing.

To the emergence of instant anger, which is beyond the control of a person, people are natural and not reprehensible, but the actions that are performed under the influence of this emotion are already condemned.

It can be almost impossible to manage anger in moments of aggression, since a person, being in a state, often does not understand what he is doing. At this time, it will be better if there is no one next to such an individual, since a person in aggression with a clouded mind is a danger and can harm and even cripple the people around him.

Anger and aggression often do not last long and are of a short duration. An individual in this state quickly "boils" and also quickly "extinguishes".

It is believed that if the emotion of anger is caused by a sense of justice at the time of a criminal act, then this is commendable. In other cases, negative emotion is condemned and people are advised to be more restrained and show long-suffering.

There are interesting facts about this emotion. Men's anger is perceived as a manifestation of strength, and women's similar behavior is treated as irrationality and weakness.

Anger and rage are among the most dangerous emotional outbursts. When a person experiences these emotions, he often deliberately harms other people, often losing control of himself, so the skillful management of anger and rage should be the primary task of individuals when negative emotions arise.

Adult personalities are often characterized by how they are able to cope with their indignation and give them such definitions: hot, reserved, explosive, cold-blooded, quick-tempered.

Manifestations of anger are marked by specific expressions of facial expressions:

• bare teeth, open mouth high on inspiration;
• drawn, lowered eyebrows;
• dilated eyes and focused attention on the object of aggression;
• horizontal wrinkles on the bridge of the nose;
• expansion of the wings of the nose.

How to deal with anger

To learn how to cope with anger, you should understand the cause of its occurrence and master effective techniques for removing aggressive behavior.

Anger is not the best human emotion, which always has a harbinger. There are several ways to protect yourself from sudden outbursts of emotional outbursts so as not to harm others. A person must learn to listen to himself and feel those moments when it is necessary to avoid sudden outbursts of negative emotion. It can be poor health, depressive mood, irritability. For example, an individual, talking with a person, feels how everything inside him begins to boil. This means the approach of anger, namely the violation of psychological balance, so it is immediately necessary to assess the true cause of this emotion. Further, for maximum calm, you need to close your eyes for a while, trying to abstract from the outside world and begin to control your breathing by taking a deep and then slow breath.

How to deal with anger? There is an opinion that it is harmful for a person to restrain negative emotions in himself and it is better to get rid of them. In fact, it is not. Scientists have proved the following fact: the disruption of negative emotions in the immediate environment is akin to a drug and they give great pleasure to the aggressor. Frequent breakdowns of an individual in a close environment make him want to do it with a certain frequency. Over time, the individual is no longer able to notice that he unconsciously creates situations in which he falls into anger. Noticing such a feature, ordinary people begin to avoid a scandalous person, and he, in turn, finds the same unbalanced and adoring such outbursts.

So how do you control anger? During the approach of negative emotions, you can go to the mirror and see which muscles are tensing. In a state of calm, you need to learn how to control the facial muscles: strain and relax them. When another flash of negative emotion occurs, the facial muscles should be relaxed.

How to get rid of anger? Bouts of anger are recommended to be eliminated by switching attention to something pleasant or distracting. It is necessary to mentally transport yourself to those places where you can be replenished with positive energy, and immediately transfer unpleasant conversations to neutral topics.

If an individual follows his emotions and does not fight with emotional outbursts, then in the future there is a risk of developing acute diseases of the cardiovascular system. This should be considered, as scientists have found a direct link between the occurrence of stroke and myocardial infarction after suffering an emotional outburst within 48 hours in people with acute coronary occlusion (blockage of the heart arteries).

The reason lies in the fact that periodically the arteries are attacked by stress hormones and experience pathological changes that lead to serious diseases. To avoid possible irreversible consequences, experts recommend carefully monitoring your nervous system and, if necessary, urgently seek help from doctors.

Speaker of the Medical and Psychological Center "PsychoMed"

Although there are characteristic changes in each of the three parts of the face during anger, until these changes occur in all three parts, it is not clear whether the person is actually angry or not.

The eyebrows are lowered and pushed together (frowning), the eyelids are tense, and the gaze seems fixed and heavy.

The lips are either tightly pressed together or open as if the person is screaming.

"angry" eyebrows.

On fig. 31 on the left shows eyebrows when experiencing anger, and on the right - eyebrows when experiencing fear.

Eyebrows lowered and shifted together.

the movement of the eyebrows is directed downward, while in fear the eyebrows crawl up. In fact, the grimace of anger can be manifested by an "angular" downward movement of only the edges of the eyebrows, or by lowering the eyebrows along their entire length. Bringing together the inner edges (frowning) of the eyebrows creates, as a rule, vertical wrinkles between them (1). Horizontal wrinkles on the forehead will not appear during anger, and if any traces of such lines are visible, they are long-term (already existing) for this person (2).

In anger, lowered, furrowed brows are usually accompanied by "angry" eyes and an "angry" mouth, but in some cases, "angry" brows can appear on a detached or calm face. In this case, the facial expression may not mean anger.

In the first two photographs of Fig. 32 John and Patricia show angry eyebrows - a detached (thoughtful) face, a neutrally calm face on the left, and, for comparison, "frightened" eyebrows on the right.

Although the facial expression on the right clearly looks worried or anxious (as discussed in Chapter 5), the face in the first two photographs showing lowered, furrowed brows could indicate any of the following conditions:

The person is a little annoyed, or the anger is in the initial stage.

The person is in a serious mood.

A person is intently concentrating or focusing on something.

If this is a momentary change, in which the angry brows appear only for a moment and immediately return to their natural position, this may be another conversational punctuator, highlighting a single word or cue.

"Angry" eyes / eyelids.

During anger, the eyelids are tense, and the gaze becomes fixed, penetrating, or heavy. In Figure 33, Patricia and John show two types of angry eyes, a narrow version on the left and a wide version on the right.

raised in the first version of the "angry" eyes (A) than in the second (B). The lower eyelids are lowered in both versions of the "angry" eyes. The "angry" eyes/lids shown in fig. 33 cannot take this form without

eyelid, are the cause of narrowing of the eyes.

The lower eyelids may be tensed and raised, and a heavy fixed gaze may appear separately, but its meaning will be ambiguous. Is the person slightly angry? Does the person control the external manifestations of anger? Is the person trying to concentrate? Is the person focused, determined, or serious? Even with facial expressions involving both the eyebrows/forehead and the eyes/eyelids (two areas of the face, as shown in Fig. 33),

there is some uncertainty in understanding (reading) the true meaning of mimic expression. It can have any of the above values. "Angry" mouth.

There are 2 main types of "angry" mouth. In the first two photographs of Fig. 34 Patricia shows two examples with a closed mouth and tightly compressed lips, and with an open, bared mouth in the last two photographs.

types of anger.

It occurs when a person engages in some form of physical abuse, a bodily attack on another person.

And it also happens when a person tries to control the verbal manifestations of anger, and tightens his lips in an attempt to restrain himself from screaming or saying something vile. The "angry" mouth opens during speech, when the person may shout or verbally express anger.

The combination of such an "angry" mouth with "angry" eyes and eyebrows is typical, but they can also appear in combination with areas of the face that are not involved in the grimace of anger.

On fig. 35 shows combined photographs in which anger is noted in the lower face and lower eyelids, combined with the eyebrows/forehead on a neutrally calm face.

The message, however, is vague, just as if anger is expressed only by the eyebrows or only by the eyelids.

If anger is only expressed through the mouth, pursed lips may represent mild anger, physical exertion (such as lifting weights), or concentration.

An open, bared (screaming) mouth is also ambiguous unless other facial expressions are involved, as it may be associated with a nonviolent scream (screaming during a baseball game) or with the pronunciation of certain sounds.

two areas of the face.

On fig. 33 we have shown that if anger is expressed only in two areas of the face, the eyebrows and eyelids, then the facial expression does not tell us anything definite.

However, if anger is shown both in the region of the mouth and in the region of the eyelids, then it is anger that is communicated to us by the face.

aforementioned. The telltale signs of anger on the face are usually indistinct unless indicators of anger are observed in all three areas of the face.

In this sense, the expression of fear on the face differs from the expressions of emotion discussed above. Surprise or fear can be expressed quite unambiguously by eyebrows/eyes or eyes/mouth. Disgust can be clearly expressed through the mouth/eyes.

In later chapters on sadness and happiness, you will see (understand) that these emotions can also be shown in an unambiguous way with only two areas of the face involved.

Ambiguity exists only in the case of the expression of anger, if the signs are limited to only two areas of the face.

Some certainty in reading this "two-sided" anger can be made by the timbre of the voice, body position, gestures, or spoken words, depending on the situation in which this expression appears. If you have seen the expression shown in Fig. 35 or fig. 33, when Patricia denied that she was annoyed (displeased), clenching her fists - or showed this expression immediately after you told her something that you assumed she would clearly not like - you would prefer as much as possible better understand her anger. Some people tend to show anger predominantly in one or the other area of ​​the face when they are in control of the anger.

In this case, their relatives (family members) or close friends - those who are closely acquainted with such people - can learn to correctly recognize this expression (shown in Fig. 35 or 33), while for most people it will be incomprehensible. .

The ambiguity of anger, expressed in only two areas of the face, can be demonstrated in another set of photographs, in which a different kind of mild anger is reflected in the eyelids.

as strong as in Fig. 33.

In combination with lowered eyebrows, but without the involvement of the mimic muscles of the mouth, as shown in Fig. 36A, this expression is undefined.

Patricia may experience controlled anger, mild anger, an intent to focus, or simply have a determined attitude.

If, however, a slight tension in the lower region of the face is added to this, then in this case, the ambiguity is immediately lost.

On the right in fig. 36B shows eyes and eyebrows similar to those shown in fig. 36A, but here the upper lip is slightly tense, the corners of the lips also slightly tense, the lower lip protrudes, and the nostrils are slightly flared.

Rice. 36B is also important to demonstrate that there is no need for especially pronounced signs of anger throughout all three areas of the face, once these signs are noted in each of the three areas.

Eyebrows/forehead in fig. 36B express only a partial sign of anger. The brows are lowered, but not pulled together, and we have the same as in the case of moderate tension in the lower region of the face. Together, these partial signs in the brow/forehead and lower face, combined with the lower eyelids and bulging eyes, are sufficient to read the signal of anger.

full expression of anger

On fig. 37 Patricia shows two types of "angry" eyes combined with two types of "angry" mouth.

Comparing the top photo with the bottom one, we see the same eyes/eyelids combined with different lip positions.

Comparing the left photo with the right one, we see the same

As we have already explained, the two types of "angry" mouth are related to the nature of the person's behavior.

The closed "angry" mouth shown in the above photos can occur if the person is engaged in a physical combat, or if the person is struggling to suppress the urge to scream.

What happens when you verbally express anger or express anger by shouting is shown in the lower photographs.

The widened angry eyes in the photos on the right make the expression (message*) a little more expressive.

The intensity of anger.

The intensity of the experience of anger can be determined by how much the eyelids are tense or how much the eyes are bulging.

Also, the degree of intensity of the experience shows how tightly the lips are compressed.

On fig. 37 lips are compressed quite tightly due to which the muscle under the lower lip becomes more prominent, and wrinkles appear on the chin.

In less intense anger, the pursed lips will not look as fierce, and the muscle under the lip and puckered chin will be less obvious or not noticeable at all.

This is shown in fig. 36B.

Similarly, the degree of intensity of anger depends on how wide the mouth is open, in the case of an open » angry mouth.

Low-intensity anger may also be reflected in only one area of ​​the face, or only two. As in fig. 33 or 35.

But, as we previously warned, in this case it is not entirely clear whether the person is slightly irritated, extremely angry, but controls the external manifestations of anger, or he is not angry at all, but concentrated, determined, or simply puzzled.

Mixed manifestations of anger.

Mixed expressions shown in the previous chapters were considered complete (complete) if they appeared in different areas of the face.

Even if limited to one area of ​​the face, each of the expressions of mixed emotions carry a full message about the experienced experience.

In the case of anger, however, without showing expression in all three areas of the face, the message becomes ambiguous.

As a result, if another emotion is reflected in mixed expressions of anger in one or two areas of the face, then it will suppress (smear) the expression of anger (message to its observer).

(Furthermore, anger is easily disguised—it only takes one area of ​​the face to be controlled or altered to distort the credibility of the anger message.)

You will see several examples of such mixed expressions in which the message of anger is almost lost.

There are two exceptions among all combinations of expressions in which the expression of anger remains quite bright and readable.

The first such combination is disgust-anger, in which the readability of anger is obvious.

Perhaps this is because disgust and anger are mixed quite often, or because of the similarity of external manifestations and situational context between these two emotions.

The second exception is that the combination of emotional manifestations can be achieved in a special way. Different emotions do not have to be reflected exactly in different areas of the face in a mixed expression.

This can also be achieved by combining signs of expression of two emotions in each area of ​​the face.

Because the expression of anger is noted in all three areas of the face in this type of mixed expression, the message of anger to the observer is by no means lost or obscured by another emotion.

On fig. 38 shows such a combination.

Probably the most common combination of anger and disgust.

On fig. 38C Patricia shows a mixed expression of angry disgust, in which the two emotions are combined with each other, being noted in each area of ​​the face.

It looks like she's saying, "How dare you show me that crap!" These pic. also show an angry expression (38A) and an expression of disgust (38B) as a comparison.

Pay attention to the mouth in Fig. 38C. There are signs of both emotions here: compressed lips as in anger and at the same time raised upper lip, as in disgust.

The nose is wrinkled, as if disgusted. The lower eyelids are somewhat tense, as in an expression of anger, while at the same time there are wrinkles and swelling of the lower eyelids, characteristic of disgust and formed by the upward movement of the zygomatic muscles (cheeks) and wrinkling of the nose.

The upper eyelids look drooping and tense, and this change in facial expressions can occur in both anger and disgust.

But lowered eyebrows are in an intermediate position between

characteristic of anger and characteristic of disgust - eyebrows

only slightly frowned, not shifted together.

anger-disgust, in which signs of independent emotions complement each other in separate areas of the face rather than combine in each of them.

On fig. 39A anger is noted in the region of the eyebrows and eyes, and disgust is expressed by facial expressions of the mouth.

On fig. 39B, John shows a combination of contempt-anger, in which contempt is expressed by facial expressions of the mouth, and anger is expressed by the expression of the eyes and the position of the eyebrows.

At the same time, it can also be a combination of surprise and anger. Suppose John was already angry and suddenly some new irritant arose.

On fig. 40 John shows a combination of anger-surprise, in which surprise is expressed by facial expressions of the mouth, and anger is expressed by the expression of the eyes and the position of the eyebrows.

However, it should be noted that the sign of surprise is

shock is the dominant message of the expression. There is no absolute certainty that he is angry at the same time.

This facial expression may well mean stunned or puzzled surprise (remember, one of the meanings of a lowered frown is just bewilderment)

Many provocations or threats can cause both fear and anger, which can mix for a while as the person tries to deal with the situation.

On fig. 41 shows two such combinations of anger and fear.

In Figs. 41B and 41C, fear is marked in the mouth area, and anger is shown in the eyes and eyebrows.

Again, it should be noted that the signs of anger in this combination are not the dominant message of the expression, and are rather weak compared to the message of fear.

In fact, these two facial expressions (41B and 41C) are possible in the complete absence of anger as such, instead of which there may well be fear mixed with bewilderment or fright that happened when the person was concentrated.

The facial expression of Patricia (41A) was included in this block because she shows a combination of anger with elements of fear (fear is noted in the area of ​​the eyebrows and eyes, anger in the mouth area), but this is one of the doubtful expressions, possibly not being a really readable blurred expression. .

This combination is more like Patricia was scared and pursed her lips, trying not to scream and control her fear.

Anger can also appear in conjunction with happiness (Chapter 8) and sadness (Chapter 9).