Baltic Sea nature animal world. Shark attacks in Russia. What sharks live in the waters of Russia

Somehow it turned out that of the sharks in the Baltic Sea, only two species are represented: the ubiquitous katrans and herring sharks.

And if the katran for people is only of decorative interest, neither as a hunter, nor as a victim of katran is not interesting to a person, then the herring shark can engage in cannibalism.

What can be said about the katran, if you do not focus on the fact that it is just a beautiful small predatory fish? He doesn't attack people, he just doesn't see the point in it. People do not use katran for culinary purposes, for the reason that its meat is too saturated with urea, and, therefore, the game is not worth the candle. Let yourself swim.

And the herring shark is a relative of the mako shark, which, according to the latest scientific data, is a greater relative of the megalodon than the great white shark. And this means that the herring shark is potentially dangerous to humans. She is fast and aggressive, in any case, you should not mess with her. Although they don't often swim into the Baltic Sea from the Atlantic Basin, if you spot these silvery silhouettes in the water from your boat, it's best to stay away from them.

True, it can be noted with regret that the Atlantic herring shark is now not such a frequent visitor to northern waters, but this is due to the fact that it has become an endangered species. This is how the glory of the world passes, as the ancients said.

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Baltic jaws

Shark Days celebrated in Europe. By the date, the Baltic media burst into stories, the meaning of which is that the year when our Baltic Sea will literally be teeming with sharks is not far off. The reason is global warming. Some unnamed Lithuanian scientists allegedly said that in the near future, frightening fins could be observed in our area.

There are over 4,000 shark species in the world. Many of them are able to live in water, the temperature of which does not reach even 5 degrees above zero. The Baltic Sea warms up well in summer to 1520 degrees and more. According to the Lithuanians, the fact that our sea will soon become suitable for the bloodthirsty inhabitants of the oceans is also evidenced by scientific facts. So, on the beach of Klaipeda in the 1990s, a dead fish sword was discovered.

Are we in danger of a shark invasion? What do not anonymous, but quite real researchers say about this? As it turns out, fear has big eyes. The Riga biologist Andris Kalnins only laughed when he heard my question about a television plot dedicated to the toothy smaller brothers.

According to him, in the near foreseeable future, the inhabitants of the Baltic States, who decided to swim, should hardly be afraid for their lives. The main obstacle for sharks is not the temperature at all, but the degree of salinity of the water. The Baltic Sea contains 6 times less salt than the World Ocean. And for large predators, salt is extremely necessary in salt water for a heavy body to hold on easier. After all, sharks do not even have an air bladder. They always have to be in motion, otherwise they simply fall to the bottom. In addition, the water in the Baltic is too dirty, because the channel of exchange with the World Ocean is too narrow Danish straits.

If you take a little liquid from our sea and pour it into your home pool, then the container will immediately begin to overgrow with all sorts of filth. But fish passes water through membranes. In addition, there are areas in the Baltic Sea where the level of oxygen is extremely low, which means that all living things die. Cod is in big trouble right now. Floating eggs are often carried into dead zones, of which, alas, there are more and more every year.

In a word, in the near future we are more likely to face not an invasion of sharks, but the complete disappearance of the rest of the inhabitants of the Baltic. And the appearance of all sorts of muck with a purple tint along the coast is another confirmation of this.

The seas washing the Russian coast have traditionally been considered completely safe from the point of view of the possibility of being attacked by a shark.

Western marine reservoirs and the waters of the Arctic Ocean are not favorite habitats for dangerous predators. The Black, Baltic and Azov seas sheltered an ordinary katran in their waters, threatening a careless fisherman only with prickly spikes on the dorsal fin.

In addition to the katran, the Black Sea is visited by an even less dangerous cat shark. which in warm weather sails from the Mediterranean Sea. This is a small species of bottom sharks, whose individuals only in exceptional cases reach a meter in length and weigh a little more than a kilogram.

In fairness, it should be noted the appearance in the press of dubious information about the capture of a goblin shark in the waters of the Black Sea. and also at the mouth of the Neva, the herring shark. But this information is not documented and is highly doubtful. Therefore, we can safely say that in the seas of the Atlantic basin, adjacent to the coast of Russia, there are no other sharks, except for the katran and the feline. Both of these species are not dangerous to humans.

The seas of the Arctic also did not react very kindly to the attempts to penetrate their waters of the toothy robbers. Only the polar shark feels like a full-fledged mistress here, and the ubiquitous katrans and herring sharks found in the White and Barents Seas. The waters of the Barents Sea are often visited by a giant shark - a plankton-eating representative of cartilaginous fish.

Sharks are somewhat richer in the waters of the Far Eastern seas of Russia, especially the Sea of ​​Japan. The presence of more than a dozen different types of sharks was noted here, among which there are predators dangerous to humans.

It is quite possible that in the depths inaccessible to swimmers and divers, there are other rare species of sharks - the frilled shark. goblin. comb-toothed and others. In the depths of the ocean, the water temperature is relatively stable and these predators may well violate our maritime state borders.

The greatest danger to humans in the Sea of ​​Japan is the great white shark and mako, included in the list of the most dangerous species. Potentially dangerous giant hammerhead. salmon, sharp-toothed mustelid and gray short-finned shark. Sometimes the fox shark behaves quite boldly in the presence of divers, but it is not found off the coast.

The events of the summer of 2011, when sharks bit our compatriots in Primorye, removed the shark-safe status from the Russian seas, and made us take a closer look at the issue of ensuring the safety of Russians' favorite vacation spots.

Sources: www.akyla.info, scubascuta.com, akully.ru, morefishes.ru, newsland.com

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The Barents Sea is rich in various fish species, plant and animal plankton and benthos. Seaweeds are common off the south coast.

114 species of various fish have chosen to live in the Barents Sea, among which 20 species are of commercial importance: herring, cod, haddock, sea bass, blue whiting, catfish, flounder, halibut (Atlantic, blue-crusted) and others. European smelt, various gobies, chanterelles, liparis and other small fish are numerous.

Among the larger inhabitants of the sea, marine mammals should be noted: harp seals (common, bearded seal, gray, ringed seal, coot or harp seal, hooded whale) and cetaceans: minke whales (fin whale, sei whale, minke whale, blue whale, humpback whale), dolphin (beluga whales, narwhals), right whales (bowhead whale). Occasionally killer whales enter the waters of the Barents Sea. All these animals feel great in cold water due to the large amount of fat in the subcutaneous layer, muscles and internal organs.

Pinnipeds are the subject of fishing because of the skin, fat, meat.

Among the sharks that are found in the Barents Sea, it should be noted katran (marigold), herring, polar and giant sharks. The frilled shark is very rare. Even less often is the capture in the southwestern part of the sea (Norwegian waters) of some species of gray and cats sharks. Description of all these toothy fish you can find on the pages of the site. Some sources mention extremely rare visits to the Barents Sea (in especially warm years) by great white sharks. How true this information is is not known. If you believe the words of professional divers who have been working in the waters of the Barents Sea for decades, then it is more difficult to meet a dangerous shark here than a wolf in the center of Moscow. And it’s hard to find those who want to swim in its cold waters. Therefore, the Barents Sea is considered to be safe for sharks.

Tourist centers

The Barents Sea is very popular with ice divers as it is home to a wide variety of species: sea urchins and groupers, giant sea anemones and kelp beds. In the Barents Sea, you can even find king crab, which was brought here in the middle of the last century by Soviet scientists as an experiment.

The experiment was a success: the crab successfully acclimatized and began to destroy the local underwater inhabitants, causing a lot of unrest to environmental organizations. The range of claws of some crabs reaches two meters, which can quite frighten an inexperienced diver.

However, such divers have nothing to do in the Barents Sea, as diving in icy water requires decent training. The recommended level is Advanced OWD PADI, and the Dry Suite PADI certificate is also required. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the weather on the coast of the Barents Sea is unstable: the bright sun is instantly replaced by rain, the fog is replaced by a cold wind. But underwater weather is more stable: 5-7°C in winter, 10-14°C in summer.

Baltic Sea

Baltic Sea- the inland marginal sea of ​​Eurasia, deeply protruding into the mainland. The Baltic Sea is located in northern Europe, belongs to the Atlantic Ocean basin.

Area: 415 thousand square meters km. Depth: average - 52 m, maximum - 459 m.

The Baltic Sea is elongated approximately from the southwest to the northeast, with its northernmost point located near the Arctic Circle (65 ° 40 "N. Lat.), and the southernmost point - near Wismar (53 ° 457 N. Lat.), so that in latitude it occupies about 12 ° In longitude it stretches for about 21 ° - from the westernmost point near Flensburg (9 ° 1 (E) to St. Petersburg (30 ° 15 "E). Thus, individual areas of the Baltic Sea lie in different geological and climatic zones, which is of great importance for the oceanological conditions in these areas.

When looking at the outlines of the sea, its strong dissection is striking. Its isolated parts, such as Katgegat and the straits of the Small and Big Belt, form a natural transitional area between the Baltic and the North Sea, while in the north and east the bays of Bothnia, Finnish and Riga adjoin the main part of the sea.

Countries bordering the Baltic Sea: Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Finland.

Coastline

The boundary between land and sea, the coast line, is probably the most remarkable and important natural boundary on our planet. Here the hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere come into contact and interact with each other. On the coast line, the two eye boundary surfaces of the ocean - the upper (water - air) and the lower (water - bottom) - pass into each other. These general propositions also fully apply to the Baltic Sea, where along the coastline stretching for many thousands of kilometers there are the most diverse forms of coast and where the transforming activity of the sea can be constantly observed.

What beaches form

Steep banks are usually composed of moraine material, mainly marl pebbles and boulders. Under the influence of precipitation, frost, melt water and washing away of the foot, the slope of the coast becomes unstable, and when it collapses, a steep slope is formed. The sea carries away the collapsed loose material from the foot of the cliff (cliff) and forms a new coastal slope, which collapses again after some time, etc. Thus, the retreat of the coast observed today also occurs. In these parts of the coast, flat inclined surf terraces, the so-called shorrs, are formed, usually covered with sand and pebbles. Schorras, like the coast itself, are extremely diverse in character. Further towards the sea, characteristic sandbanks (banks and reefs) are formed. Near the shore, so-called hakenes arise, which, with further development, can turn into spits. There are also regularly found coastal bars and longitudinal strips covered with water on the beach, which expands in such places. In the same areas, extensive dunes often form, which can reach more than 10 m in height.

Recently, there has been a trend towards a decrease in demand for holidays abroad.

The reason why the majority of Russians refuse to rest near the shores of the Red Sea or the Pacific Ocean is not only the basis of the crisis that has literally brought the whole world to its knees.

People are also afraid of the inappropriate behavior of sharks.

Jacques-Yves Cousteau said correctly: the more we learn about sharks, the less we begin to understand anything.

Ichthyologists were also convinced of this fact when in the coastal ones, from which, in principle, such behavior was not expected.

But, returning to the rejection of overseas holidays, it should be said that most Russians prefer to spend their holidays on the territory of their country, believing that in this way they will be protected from the terror of sea predators.

But is it?
If we recall the lessons of geography, then Russia borders on many seas belonging to the basins of the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic oceans.

Unique water coasts, more than 60,000 kilometers long, are also fraught with danger.

What sharks live in Russian waters?

Let's try to figure it out. The Atlantic waters on Russian territory belong to such seas as the Black, Baltic and Azov.

Recall that the Atlantic Ocean is replete with a variety of representatives of shark families. Despite the fact that in the sea waters of the basin meeting with sharks is almost impossible, but still ...

However, dangerous predators mainly live in the waters of the Sea of ​​Japan.

In the Pacific Ocean, you can also meet with a hammerhead shark, salmon, Japanese, Asian, Japanese,.

Basically, these species are not dangerous to humans, the exceptions include, which, in addition to sharp jaws, can cause great harm to the health of a swimmer who meets her with its tail.

It appears every summer season in Peter the Great Bay and the Tatar Strait.

Watch video - Shark attack in Russia:

Until some time, the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bOkhotsk was considered the safest, until several meetings were recorded in this area with.

The first terror was recorded on the island of Kunashir, which belongs to the chain of the Kuril Islands. The second case was a little later in Aniva Bay, when a merciless predator, in pursuit of a salmon flock, got caught in the net.

And, finally, the White, Barents, East Siberian, Kara, Chukchi Seas, as well as the Laptev Sea belong to the Arctic Ocean. In these waters, you can meet such interesting representatives of the shark tribe as the feline, herring shark. All of them do not attack people and do not belong to aggressive species.

No episodes of shark attacks have been recorded in the Russian waters of the Arctic Ocean. But that's all for now.

Russians are not protected from shark attacks:

The penetration of toothy predators into the waters of two water areas of the Russian coast at once does not bode well. This means that than previously thought.

Man-eating sharks begin their migration to the northern hemisphere, which suggests that no matter what resort a person is resting in, even in Russia, an unexpected meeting with the "thunderstorm of all seas and oceans" can await him.

Watch the video - White sharks in Russian waters:

The Baltic Sea is the northern marginal body of water in Eurasia. It cuts deep into the land, and due to this it belongs to the water flows of the internal type. The sea fills the waters of the Atlantic. It is located in Northern Europe. The Baltic countries have access to the Baltic Sea. And also such states as: Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Germany, Russia and Poland. The stream connects with the ocean through the system and the North Sea.

The area of ​​the reservoir is about 415 thousand square km. The volume of the water mirror is more than 20 thousand cubic meters. km. The deepest gutter is 470 meters.

Hydrology

The Baltic Sea, whose salinity greatly affects the flora and fauna, is filled with a huge amount of fresh water. Precipitation is their constant source. Salt streams penetrate into the reservoir due to bays and tributaries. The tides have insignificant levels and, as a rule, their magnitude is not more than 20 cm.

Constantly located within a radius of one mark. Air masses can exert a strong influence on it. Near the coast, the water level can rise up to 50 cm, in narrower places - up to 2 meters.

There are practically no storms on the water stream. Like other seas washing Russia, the Baltic reservoir is calm, and rarely when its waves are able to reach a height of 4 meters. Most of all it storms in autumn, in November. Maximum fluctuations - 7-8 points. In winter, they practically stop, this is facilitated by ice.
The constant flow of the Baltic Sea is small. Within 10-15 cm/s. The maximum current increases during storms up to 100-150 cm/s.
The tides of the Baltic Sea are almost imperceptible. This is facilitated by the isolation of the water flow to a greater extent. Their level varies within 20 meters. The maximum increase in water level is in August and September.

A significant part of the coast is covered with ice from October to April. The southern part and the center of the sea, but glaciers can drift along them during the thawing period (June-August).

The Baltic Sea is rich in natural resources. Oil reserves are hidden here, new deposits are being developed. Large deposits of amber have also recently been found. The Nord Stream gas route runs along the bottom of the sea.

And the Baltic Sea is rich in fish and seafood. In recent years, the ecology of the stream has deteriorated significantly. The waters are clogged with toxins coming from large rivers. The presence of dumps of chemical weapons is also recorded.

Due to the shallow depth of the sea, shipping is not very developed here. Only light craft are able to cross the watercourse without problems. The largest ports of the Baltic Sea: Vyborg, Kaliningrad, Gdansk, Copenhagen, Tallinn, St. Petersburg, Stockholm.

The waters of this reservoir are unsuitable for the development of resort tourism, but nevertheless there are sanatoriums and clinics on the coastal part. These are Russian resort cities Svetlogorsk, Zelenogorsk, Sestroretsk, Latvian Jurmala, Lithuanian Neringa, Polish Koszalin and Sopot, German Albek and Binz.

Brief description of water temperature and sea salinity

In the central part of the Baltic Sea, as a rule, the temperature rarely exceeds 15-18 ° C. At the bottom, it is about 4 degrees. The bay often has calm weather and +9..+12 o C.

The Baltic Sea, whose salinity decreases in the direction from west to east, at the beginning of the current has an official indicator of 20 ppm. At depth, this figure increases by 1.5 times.

Name

For the first time, the etymological name "Baltic" is found in a historical treatise of the 11th century. The earlier name of the sea is Varangian. It is it that is mentioned in the famous Tale of Bygone Years.

extreme points

Extreme points of the Baltic Sea:

• southern - Wismar (Germany), coordinates - 53° 45` N. sh.;
• north - Arctic Circle coordinates - 65° 40` s. sh.;
• eastern - St. Petersburg (Russia), coordinates - 30 ° 15` in. d.;
• western - Flensburg (Germany), coordinates - 9 ° 10` in. d.

Geographical characteristics: territory, tributaries and bays

The Baltic Sea (salinity and its characteristics are described below) is extended from the southwest to the northeast for 1360 km. The greatest width is located between the cities of Stockholm and St. Petersburg. It is 650 kilometers.

According to historical data, the Baltic Sea has existed for about 4 thousand years. In the same period of time, the Neva (74 km) begins its existence, which flows into this reservoir. In addition to it, more than 250 rivers merge with the stream. The largest of them are Vistula, Oder, Narva, Neman, Zapadnaya Dvina.

Some ports of the Baltic Sea lie on its large bays. In the north is the Gulf of Bothnia, the largest and deepest. In the east - Riga, located between Estonia and Latvia, Finnish, washing the shores of Finland, Estonia, Russia, and Due to the fact that the latter is separated from the sea by a sandy spit, the water in the stream is almost fresh. This is a unique feature.

The average depth of the Baltic Sea is 50 meters, the bottom is completely within the mainland. This nuance makes it possible to attribute it to inland continental water bodies.

Islands

More than 200 islands of different sizes are located in the sea. They are located unevenly both near the coast and far from them. The largest islands in the Baltic are Zealand, Falster, Mön, Langeland, Lolland, Bornholm, Funen (belong to Denmark); Öland and Gotland (Swedish islands); Fehmarn and Rügen (refers to Germany); Hiiumaa, Saaremaa (Estonia).

Coastline

The Baltic Sea (the ocean strongly affects it with its waters) has a different coastline along the entire perimeter of the waters. In the northern part, the bottom is uneven, rocky, and the coast is indented with small bays, ledges and small islands. The southern part, on the contrary, has a flat bottom, and a low-lying coast, with a sandy beach, which in some areas is represented by small dunes. A frequent occurrence on the young coast is sandy spits, deeply cutting into the sea.
The sedimentary bottom is represented by green, black silt (of glacial origin) and sand, and the soil consists of stones and boulders.

Salinity and its regular changes

Due to the large amount of precipitation and the powerful water flow from the rivers, the Baltic Sea (the salinity of the reservoir is relatively low) is filled with an excess of fresh water. It is distributed unevenly. Where the Baltic reservoir enters deep into the shore, the water is practically fresh, and the North Sea influences its salinity. This position is not permanent. Storm winds contribute to the mixing of water.
Based on this, the salinity of the Baltic Sea is low. A decrease in its level is typical for the coastline, the largest number of ppm is at the bottom.
In the territory where the watercourse meets the straits in the west, the salinity of the waters is up to 20 ‰ on the sea surface, at the bottom - 30 ‰. Off the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland, the lowest indicator. It does not exceed 3‰. The level from 6 to 8‰ is characteristic of the waters of the central part.

Seasonality also affects the distribution of salinity in the Baltic Sea. So, in the spring-summer season, it decreases by 0.5-0.2 ppm. This is due to the fact that melted rivers carry fresh water to the sea. And in autumn and winter, on the contrary, it increases due to the influx of cold northern masses.

The change in the salinity of the sea is one of the important reasons that regulate the biological, physical and chemical processes on the coast. Partly due to the freshness of the water, the coast has a loose structure.

What dangerous marine life lives in the Baltic Sea? and got the best answer

Answer from Dune[guru]
Sea Dragon
- a small gray fish (25-30 cm) with sharp poisonous spikes on the dorsal fin and on the gills.
Where it is found - off the coast of the eastern part of the Atlantic, in the Mediterranean, Black and BALTIC seas.
What is dangerous - one of the most poisonous fish. When pricked by a sea dragon, acute pain appears, the skin swells, interruptions in the work of the heart, respiratory failure, paralysis of the limbs, tissue necrosis may occur. Possible fatal outcomeIn the Baltic Sea, there is a sea cat. The fish has a sharp “dagger” on a long whip-like tail - a bone needle serrated on the sides. Their injuries are very dangerous. The victim immediately feels a sharp pain, then a drop in blood pressure, vomiting, palpitations, muscle paralysis, and sometimes death can follow. Snake fish. Distributed in the Black and BALTIC seas. This is a small (up to 40 cm) fish with a rather beautiful brown-yellow back, dotted with dark ragged stripes. The snakefish lives near the bottom and often burrows into the sandy bottom. The six sharp rays of the dorsal fin and the spines of the gill covers are equipped with poisonous glands.
There is also a ker-chak living in the Baltic Sea. Fish have poisonous weapons in the form of sharp spikes and thorns, but the toxins they produce are less dangerous to humans.
At least 31 species of sharks and related cartilaginous fish still live in the Baltic Sea. But they don't seem to have long to live. To date, the only Baltic state that has adopted a special law on the protection of sharks is Sweden. More often than others, the researchers came across the Atlantic herring shark.

photo of the Baltic SHARK
Source: INTERNET

Answer from Alexandra Prokopenko[guru]
It is impossible to meet anyone more terrible than people on this Planet.

Answer from ^ nah ^ me ^ nick ^[newbie]
cracadillas

Answer from Nils Pelkonen[guru]
Pirates.
INCIDENTS: CRIMINAL
Tags: Finland Russia crime fleet
Pirates in the Baltic
July 30, 21:13 “News. En»
A Finnish ship flying a Maltese flag was stopped between the islands of Öland and Gotland in the territorial Swedish waters of the Baltic by an inflatable boat with unknown persons posing as policemen. The incident happened last Friday.
I don’t know about jellyfish. I didn’t see them, although I always swam in the Gulf of Riga. But some people said that they saw jellyfish.
I read that a shark entered the Gulf of Finland.
Or some weird fish.